An enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of Il-dehydrosteroids has been purified approximately 250-fold from acetone powder extracts of bovine adrenal glands. The reaction is specific for DPNH, but no structural requirements of substrate other than the steroid nucleus were evident. Steroids are competitive inhibitors with respect to 21-dehydrocortisol reduction. The reaction catalyzed was shown t...

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We applied electrical stimulation to physiologically identified sites in macaque middle temporal area (MT) to examine its role in short-term storage of recently encoded information about stimulus motion. We used a behavioral task in which monkeys compared the directions of two moving random-dot stimuli, sample and test, separated by a 1.5-s delay. Four sample directions were used for each site,...

We provide evidence on the impact of globalization on labor market outcomes analyzing pay differences between foreign-acquired and domestically-owned firms. For this purpose, we use firm level data from 16 European countries over the time period 1999–2006. Applying propensity score matching techniques we estimate positive wage premia of cross-boarder merger and acquisitions (M&As), suggesting t...

A prenatally diagnosed male fetus and his mother, who was referred because of her advanced age, both carried an abnormal bisatellited chromosome 21 as an extra chromosome. The abnormal 21 was monocentric and the G negative band q22 and part of q21 had been deleted during formation. The phenotype of both the mother and child (at birth) was normal.

BACKGROUND Inhaled corticosteroids reduce exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but they do not affect disease progression. FEV1, as single parameter, showed limits in describing the heterogeneity of COPD population. Combination therapy, with long-acting Beta2-agonist and corticosteroid, showed a more beneficial effect on lung function, exacerbations, and h...

Objective—Macrophage activation contributes importantly to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases including atherosclerosis. Macrophages exist chronically under moderate hypoxia (2% to 5% O2) in inflamed tissues such as atherosclerotic plaques. However, macrophage phenotypes in such environments remain incompletely understood. This study tested the hypothesis that chronic moderate hypoxia in...

Objective The spectrum of molecular defects in Chinese patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD), and genotype-phenotype relationships are unknown. Methods We screened eight patients with non-classical (NC) 21-OHD and 35 with classical 21-OHD, and detected nine known mutations. Results The most frequent mutation among the 43 21-OHD cases was p.Ile172Asn (allele frequency, 36.0%), followe...