an efficient synthesis of some novel coumarin derivatives via 1, 4- michael addition of indole to coumarin chalcones catalyzed by cellulose sulphonic acid (csa) under solvent free conditions is described. the corresponding michael addition products were obtained in good to excellent yield. the synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against e. coli, s. aureus and an...

suckers are strong sinks of water and nutrients, thus they have intensive competition with plant vegetative parts like scion of budded seedlings. this is an enormous problem of citrus nurseries in north of iran. as far as vast input and time is spending on control of these unwanted suckers. this research, that carried out in design, compares 10 different sucker control methods in three citrus r...