Candy bar-like protein supplements are sometimes consumed for their sugar alcohol content, which lowers the glycemic response. The purpose of this study was to determine the acute glycemic and blood lipid response to the ingestion of a candy bar-like protein supplement compared with its candy bar counterpart. In a crossover design, 5 males and 5 females (N = 10; age, 24 ± 5.5 years; height, 174...

To the Editor: W ith their balance of risk (BAR) score, Dutkowski et al1 present a new, simple tool both to assess the risk of recipient death after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) and to guide graft acceptance and allocation. The BAR score combines donor and recipient age, the length of cold ischemic time, the need for life support, and the model for endstage liver disease (MELD) score,...

A new route to cationic complexes of Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba with 18-membered ring O4S2, O4Se2 and O2S4 donor macrocycles from metal acetonitrile complexes with weakly coordinating [BAr(F)](-) anions is described. The precursors used were [M(MeCN)x][BAr(F)]2 (M = Mg, x = 6; M = Ca, x = 8) and [M'(acacH)(MeCN)5][BAr(F)]2 (M' = Sr or Ba). Reaction of these with the heterocrowns, [18]aneO4S2 (1,4,10,13-...

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is implicated in the pathogenesis of migraine; however, its role in tension headache has not yet been studied. The uptake of 5-HT by platelets in patients of tension headache was significantly higher compared with migraineurs as well as controls. The basal platelet 5-HT levels did not show a significant difference. The study implicates the role of serotonin...

Thin strips of frog ventricle were isolated and bathed for 15 min in a solution containing 140 mM KCl, 5 mM Na(2)ATP, 3 mM EDTA, and 10 mM Tris buffer at pH 7.0. The muscle was then exposed to contracture solutions containing 140 mM KCl, 5 mM Na(2)ATP, 1 mM MgCl(2), 10 mM Tris, 3 mM EGTA, and CaCl(2) in amounts to produce concentrations of free calcium from 10(-4.8)M to 10(-9)M. The muscles dev...

Pichia pastoris CBS 2612 behavior under air pressures of 1, 3 and 5 bar in culture media of glycerol (pure and crude) and methanol was studied. Generally, the increase in oxygen transfer rate due to the increase of total pressure improved cellular growth for all carbon sources and for batch and fed-batch processes with different feeding rate strategies. In batch cultures, 1.4-, 1.2-, and 1.5-fo...

effects of inoculation level (4 or 8-fold compared to standard inoculation) and order (standard inoculation before fermentation and 3-fold inoculation at the end of fermentation = 1+3, two-fold inoculation before fermentation and the same at the end of fermentation = 2+2, 2+6, 4-fold before fermentation = 4, 4+4, and 8) of culture inoculums containing probiotics on viscosity, phase separation, ...

Viscosity, density, and interfacial tension of three binary systems (carbon dioxide–isopropanol, argon–isopropanol, sulphur hexafluoride–isopropanol) were measured at temperatures 313.15 K 333.15 pressures up to 100 bar for carbon dioxide, argon hexafluoride 500 bar. A vibrating tube densimeter method has been used density measurements a variable-volume high-pressure optical view cell with some...

The transfer of forces from reinforcing bars to surrounding concrete in reinforced concrete (RC) is influenced by many parameters. Several efforts were made to understand the influence of bond on global behaviour of RC members. However, the information on bond strength of high strength concrete (HSC) is lacking. An attempt was made to study the influence of various parameters on bond such as ba...