The objective of the present paper is to explore an approach of constructing a simple, low cost colour sensor using tri colour RGB model which defines all colours as an additive combination of the primary colours Red, Green and Blue. The sensor consists of a normal Light Dependent Resistor (LDR), surrounded by three Red, Green and Blue LEDs as light source. The LDR and the LEDs are mounted in s...

Protein structure prediction is a central problem in current biophysics. Understanding the energy landscape roughness would shed light on the physics behind protein folding. The theory for extracting energy landscape roughness from temperature dependent unfolding measurements is reviewed. Improvements facilitating temperature dependent single molecule protein unfolding experiments are described...

The vast majority of embedded system designs start with a processor-based system, using microcontroller or microprocessor as the core element to predict and process basic control tasks. This paper aims increase reliability controlling stepper motor by an circuit, which generates four digital signals pulse width modulation (PWM). manager this circuit is processor licensed from Microblaze, sits w...

The stepper motor is a unit of control system to achieve the goal convenient use and precise control, which greatly facilitates our life improves level modern high-tech industry. In particular, multiple motors may be joined in work together with remote-control program, flexibility applicability equipment. real life, are used more often. For example, 3D printer, using three stepping at same time...

A commercial chaotic pendulum is modified to study nonlinear dynamics, including the determination of Poincaré sections, fractal dimensions, and Lyapunov exponents. The apparatus is driven by a simple oscillating mechanism powered by a 200 pulse per revolution stepper motor running at constant angular velocity. A computer interface generates the uniform pulse train needed to run the stepper mot...