Seminal plasma is comprised of the extracellular sperm milieu from spermatogenesis in the testes, through to maturation in the epididymis, as well as secretions from the accessory sex glands. Consisting primarily of proteins, this substance has a multitude of functions in mammalian reproduction. Seminal plasma influences sperm physiology, success of semen freezing, migration of spermatozoa thro...

This report discusses the role of monotony in Air Traffic Control (ATC). Despite its obvious relevance as a critical individual state in air traffic controllers, monotony has not been well researched in the past. To describe evoking and contributing factors, distinguish similar critical states such as fatigue and satiation, and define countermeasures, three experimental studies were conducted w...

The lactate dehydrogenases commonly occur in from one to five molecular forms (isozymes) in the various tissues of an animal species.' By means of zone electrophoresis, characteristic patterns of these isozymes may be demonstrated in each tissue. In adult animals, most tissues contain all five isozymes but in different proportions. Usually, heart muscle exhibits principally the first, or most n...

Intestinal metaplasia of the oesophagus (Barrett’s oesophagus) is the most important risk factor for oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Although the role of mixed bile and acid gastro-oesophageal reflux is well established, the contribution of nuclear receptor signalling in the pathogenesis of Barrett’s oesophagus remains largely unknown. The recent article by Chang et al. (Gut 2007;56:906–17) showing...

A yellow-leaf seedling marker, r, was used to determine if there was pref er en tial chromosome pairing in a group of tetraploid southern highbush blueberry hybrids. Plants with four copies of r (no copies of R) fail to develop anthocyanins, and cotyledons, hypo co t yls, leaves, stems, and other vegetative tissues have a bright yellow-green color. In the hybrids that were studied, two genomes ...

Background Despite the large number of studies on safety anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs), data Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) are scarce. Objectives To determine vaccine-related adverse events (AEs) seven-day post-vaccination period patients SS vs other connective tissue (CTDs), non-rheumatic autoimmune (nrADs), healthy controls (HC). Methods Data ...

A distributed GA is designed for the packet switched network routing problem under minimal information. The requirements of such a problem mean that agents are required to possess more intelligence than was previously the case. To this end a distributed GA approach is developed and benchmarked against the AntNet algorithm under the same information constraints. 1 GENERAL FORMATTING INSTRUCTIONS...

Music structure refers to the description of the long term organization of a music piece through a sequence of structural segments. A structural segment can be defined by its structural borders (a start time, an end time) and a label reflecting the similarity of its music content compared to the other segments’. Its duration is typically around 16 s and more. This document presents the music st...

The markovchain package aims to provide S4 classes and methods to easily handle Discrete Time Markov Chains (DTMCs), filling the gap with what is currently available in the CRAN repository. In this work, I provide an exhaustive description of the main functions included in the package, as well as hands-on examples. Introduction DTMCs are a notable class of stochastic processes. Although their b...

ions and decompositions, and their interrelations. This provides clear concepts to use in negotiations and discussions. − Representation of ‘multi-views’ and ‘multi-mappings’, from the functional and structural decompositions, and from the requirements to the various aspects and domain. This helps to individually address to the stakeholders that wish to use an architecture description as suppor...