Amphibians may be useful indicators of biological condition in small streams so determining which sampling technique maximizes encounters at the least cost and at the optimal time of year is important. Area constrained surveys (ACS), used by the Maryland Biological Stream Survey, were tested against cover board surveys, drift fences with pitfall and funnel traps, quadrat leaf litter searches, a...

 The paper focuses on some of the biological characteristics of golden grey mullet, Liza aurata in Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea. Samples of commercial catch of mullet obtained by means of beach seine fishing cooperatives along the Iranian coasts of Caspian Sea (2007-2008) as monthly interval. Samples subjected to biometric measurement to specify their biological characteristics. The male/f...

The following mixture model-based clustering methods are compared in a simulation study with one-dimensional data, fixed number of clusters and a focus on outliers and uniform “noise”: an ML-estimator (MLE) for Gaussian mixtures, an MLE for a mixture of Gaussians and a uniform distribution (interpreted as “noise component” to catch outliers), an MLE for a mixture of Gaussian distributions where...

Accurate forecasts of how animals respond to climate-driven environmental change are needed prepare for future redistributions, however, it is unclear which temporal scales variability give rise predictability species distributions. We examined the that best predicted spatial abundance a marine predator, swordfish Xiphias gladius, in California Current. To understand provide biological predicta...

Although contract reparations have been extensively studied in the context of deontic logics, there is not much literature using reparations in automatabased deontic approaches. Contract automata is a recent approach to modelling the notion of contract-based interaction between different parties using synchronous composition. However, it lacks the notion of reparations for contract violations. ...

We present a generalization of spatial power indexes able to overcome their main limitations, namely: i) the excessive concentration of power measures; ii) the too high sensitivity to players’ location in the ideological space. Voters’ propensity to support an issue is modeled via a random utility function with two additive terms: the deterministic term accounts for voters’ preference-driven/pr...

Abstract The effects of tori-line streamer types on seabirds avoidance were examined with the data from Japanese observer program in southern bluefin tuna fishery. Nominal catch rates (catch/1000 hooks) and per-capita catch rates (catch/1000 hooks/albatross abundance) were compared between “WCPFC type” streamers and “Light type” (polypropylene band) streamers. There was no significant differenc...

In the demand for recreational fishing sites, an important explanatory variable differentiating sites is the unobserved expected catch rate. Since the observed catch rate is subject to sampling variability, using the average of a site’s observed catch rates causes the parameter estimator on catch to be biased downward. We develop and demonstrate a solution to this errors-in-variables problem wh...

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