Background: This study takes a microscopic overview of main semen parameters such as sperm motility, morphology, fertility rate, concentration, and DNA damage their relationship with antioxidants. Aim: To explain the role antioxidant minerals including Vitamin E C, N-Acetyl cysteine, Selenium, Carnitine, CoQ10, Zinc in improving quality across parameters. Methods: The design is an in-depth revi...

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a triplet repeat disorder caused by a large expansion of the CGG repeat in the 5′-untranslated region (UTR) of the fragile X mental retardation (FMR1) gene. 2 Full mutation alleles are almost always associated with extensive hypermethylation of the repeat and of the upstream CpG island, which correlates with gene silencing and absence of the FMR1 protein. Cognitive f...

Mersalyl inhibited the respiration of heart mitochondria under conditions that required the transport of (-)-carnitine and acyl(-)-carnitines. The exchange of external carnitine and acylcarnitines for intramitochondrial carnitine was also inhibited by mersalyl and 1 mM mersalyl proved suitable for the inhibitor-stop assay of carnitine acylcarnitine translocase. The carnitine-carnitine and (-)-c...

Received: 13 November 2010 Revised: 16 May 2011 Accepted: 15 June 2011 Abstract Background: Sperm cells extracted from testes (TESE) have poor chromatin quality and motility. Various substances are used in the laboratory to increase sperm motility and improve the ART outcomes; however, there are few research which considered improving both sperm motility and chromatin quality. Objective: The ai...

Concomitant applications of CDDP and RT have synergistic effects in oncology. CDDP and RT can cause ototoxicity through oxidative stress. Nrf2 is a transcription factor that has antioxidant properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of ALC via Nrf2 and target genes against CDDP and RT induced ototoxicity in The House Ear Research Institute-Organ of Corti I cells (HEI...

BACKGROUND Sperm cells extracted from testes (TESE) have poor chromatin quality and motility. Various substances are used in the laboratory to increase sperm motility and improve the ART outcomes; however, there are few research which considered improving both sperm motility and chromatin quality. OBJECTIVE The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the improvement of the testicular sperm ...

Acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is a central metabolite in carbon and energy metabolism. Because of its amphiphilic nature and bulkiness, acetyl-CoA cannot readily traverse biological membranes. In fungi, two systems for acetyl unit transport have been identified: a shuttle dependent on the carrier carnitine and a (peroxisomal) citrate synthase-dependent pathway. In the carnitine-dependent pathw...

Bigio et al. (1) report that oral administration of acetyl-Lcarnitine (LAC) results in antidepressant-like effects along with an improvement of energy metabolism in the ventral dentate gyrus in endogenously depressed Flinders Sensitive Line rats (FSL). FSL also show a significant reduction of LAC in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex compared with Flinders Resistant Line rats (2). However, i...

In the present study we evaluated a new method to assess the behavioural and biochemical effects of a brief period of acute hypoxia in the brain. In this method, cyanide is injected into the lateral ventricles. Spatial navigation performance in a Morris task was found to be impaired 1 and 5 min after an i.c.v. injection of 5.0 micrograms cyanide but not after 2.5 micrograms cyanide. Increased r...

The effects of carnitine on the metabolism of palmitoylcarnitine were studied by using isolated rat liver mitochondria. Particular attention was given to carnitine acyltransferase-mediated interactions between carnitine and the mitochondrial CoA pool. Carnitine concentrations less than 1.25mm resulted in an increased production of acetylcarnitine during palmitoylcarnitine oxidation. Despite thi...