dial revascularization. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2004;25:597–604. 7. Zhu J, Yin R, Shao H, Dong G, Luo L, Jing H. N-Acetylcysteine to ameliorate acute renal injury in a rat cardiopulmonary bypass model. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007; 133:696–703. 8. Tossios P, Bloch W, Huebner A, Raji MR, Dodos F, Klass O, Suedkamp M, Kasper SM, Hellmich M, Mehlhorn U. N-Acetylcysteine prevents reactive oxygen s...

We have shown previously that naturally occurring isothiocyanates derived from cruciferous vegetables and their N-acetylcysteine conjugates inhibit lung adenoma formation induced by tobacco carcinogens in A/J mice at the post-initiation stage. The tumor-inhibitory activity by these compounds is linked with activation of activator protein and induction of apoptosis in lung tissues, suggesting th...

Current evidence suggests that hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system and endothelial dysfunction are important factors in the development and maintenance of hypertension. Under normal conditions the endothelial mediator nitric oxide (NO) negatively modulates the activity of the norepinephrine portion of sympathetic neurotransmission, thereby placing a "brake" on the vasoconstrictor ab...

Skin Picking Disorder affects 4% of the general population, with serious quality of life impacts, and potentially life threatening complications. Standard psychoactive medications do not help most patients. Similarly, Mouse Ulcerative Dermatitis (skin lesions caused by excessive abnormal grooming behavior) is very common in widely used inbred strains of mice, and represents a serious animal wel...

OBJECTIVE Reactive oxygen species have been shown to contribute to myocardial stress in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, as demonstrated by myocardial 8-iso-prostaglandin-F(2)alpha and nitrotyrosine formation. We hypothesized that the reactive oxygen species scavenger N-acetylcysteine attenuates reactive oxygen species-mediated myocardial stress in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. MET...

LINKED ARTICLE This article is commented on by Bateman DN and Dear JW. Should we treat very large paracetamol overdose differently? Br J Clin Pharmacol 2017; 83: 1163-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.13279 AIMS: Treatment of paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose with acetylcysteine is standardized, with dose determined only by patient weight. The validity of this approach for massive overdoses has...

Repeated cocaine alters glutamate neurotransmission, in part, by reducing cystine-glutamate exchange via system xc-, which maintains glutamate levels and receptor stimulation in the extrasynaptic compartment. In the present study, we undertook two approaches to determine the significance of plasticity involving system xc-. First, we examined whether the cysteine prodrug N-acetylcysteine attenua...

Background. Preservation of residual renal function in chronic dialysis patients has proven to be a major predictor of survival. The aim of the present study was to investigate an ability of the combined use of N-acetylcysteine and high-flux biocompatible haemodialysis membranes to improve residual renal function in haemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods. Chronic haemodialysis patients wi...

BACKGROUND Increased oxidative stress, elevated plasma homocysteine concentration, increased pulse pressure, and impaired endothelial function constitute risk factors for increased mortality in patients with end-stage renal failure. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the metabolic and hemodynamic effects of intravenous administration of acetylcysteine, a thiol-containing antioxidant, during ...