Lovering, Richard M., and William A. Romani. Effect of testosterone on the female anterior cruciate ligament. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 289: R15–R22, 2005. First published March 24, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00829.2004.—Injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) result in immediate and long-term morbidity and expense. Young women are more likely to sustain ACL injuries than m...

Injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) result in immediate and long-term morbidity and expense. Young women are more likely to sustain ACL injuries than men who participate in similar athletic and military activities. Although significant attention has focused on the role that female sex hormones may play in this disparity, it is still unclear whether the female ACL also responds to a...

BACKGROUND Although numerous anatomic studies about the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) structure and attachments have been performed, these studies have not reached consensus on the ACL footprint. PURPOSE To investigate the existing controversy regarding the morphology of the tibial ACL insertion (footprint) and confirm histologically that the tibial ACL footprint is not completely filled w...

Introduction There is ample evidence that the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has a sensory function. Previous studies reported that afferent feedback from ACL contributed to increased tone of the muscles around the knee. However, it is unlikely that afferent feedback from ACL directly alter a motor neuron (MN); afferents from ACL could influence a motor neuron (MN) via the ? loop. Therefore, ...

Abstract Introduction Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a common injury and more than 100,000 ACL reconstruction procedures are performed in the United States every year. Although widely accepted and investigated, ACL reconstruction still continues to evolve and many technical issues are under debate. They mainly include: 1) graft selection, 2) surgical technique (double versus single bundle)...

M.M. Murray et al. (eds.), The ACL Handbook: Knee Biology, Mechanics, and Treatment, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-0760-7_2, © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013 ACL injuries are increasingly common, with estimates as high as of 400,000 patients each year in the United States sustaining this injury (in comparison with 120,000 patients undergoing hip replacement surgery) [ 1 ]. The ACL injur...

BACKGROUND The functional disability and high costs of treating anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries have generated a great deal of interest in understanding the mechanism of noncontact ACL injuries. Secondary bone bruises have been reported in over 80% of partial and complete ACL ruptures. PURPOSE The objectives of this study were (1) to quantify ACL strain under a range of physiologica...

BACKGROUND Recently, anatomic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is emphasized to improve joint laxity and to potentially avert initiation of cartilage degeneration. There is a paucity of information on the efficacy of ACL reconstructions by currently practiced tunnel creation techniques in restoring normal joint laxity. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. HYPOTHESIS Ante...