Human Rad51 (hRad51), a member of a conserved family of general recombinases, is shown here to have an avid capability to make DNA joints between homologous DNA molecules and promote highly efficient DNA strand exchange of the paired molecules over at least 5.4 kilobase pairs. Furthermore, maximal efficiency of homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange is strongly dependent on the heterotrimer...

In a previous study by Anderson, Smith and Walker (1961), it was observed that in four out of 100 infants undergoing exchange transfusion for haemolytic disease of the newborn, a rise of blood pyruvate occurred during the procedure. It was suggested that the rise of blood pyruvate might be due either to the metabolic action of citrate or glucose, and that this biochemical change might be relate...

Across practice settings, most nursing care is provided to older adults. Yet most nurses receive limited education to care for older adults, especially those with complex needs. A Knowledge Exchange Institute for Geriatric Nursing Education brought together 31 Canadian nursing faculty members and nursing doctoral students and provided them with tools and resources to enhance teaching and curric...

The exchange of Network State Beacons (NSBs) is crucial to monitoring the dynamic state of MANETs like sensor networks. The rate of beacon exchange (FX) and the network state define both the time and nature of a proactive action to reconfigure the network in order to combat network performance degradation at a time of crisis. It is thus essential to select the FX within optimized bounds, so tha...

EMS is an organized and collaborative effort between several organizations providing different levels or tiers of care designed to transport sick or injured patients to the hospital. Significant challenges to efficient, accurate, and integrated interorganizational information exchange exist for communicating pre-hospital EMS patient information to hospital emergency departments. The goal of thi...

Peptides presented by major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) molecules to CD4+ T cells play a central role in the initiation of adaptive immunity. This antigen presentation process is characterized by the proteolytic cleavage of foreign and self proteins, and loading of the resultant peptides onto MHCII molecules. Loading and exchange of antigenic peptides is catalyzed by a non-class...

Molecular chaperones such as heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) are crucial for protein folding. Crystal structures of Hsp70 in a complex with the nucleotide exchange factor (NEF) Hsp110 reported in this issue of Cell (Polier et al., 2008) and in Molecular Cell (Schuermann et al., 2008) provide new insights into how NEF action specifies Hsp70 cellular function.

"Sense of agency" refers to the feeling of controlling an external event through one's own action. On one influential view, sense of agency is inferred after an action, by "retrospectively" comparing actual effects of actions against their intended effects. In contrast, a "prospective" component of agency, generated during action selection, and in advance of knowing the actual effect, has recei...

Though digoxin has been used for over 200 years, its properties and benefits continue to be investigated. Digoxin inhibits the sodium-potassium ATPase pump, thereby increasing intracellular sodium-calcium exchange in the cardiac myocyte. The resultant increase in intracellular calcium causes increased contractility. Digoxin also exerts an anti-adrenergic action in patients with heart failure by...

We study the heterotic string compactified on K3× T 2 near the line T = U , where the effective action becomes singular due to an SU(2) gauge symmetry enhancement. By ‘integrating in’ the light W± vector multiplets we derive a quantum corrected effective action which is manifestly SU(2) invariant and non-singular. This effective action is found to be consistent with a residual SL(2,Z) quantum s...