[1] We compiled and standardized sediment trap data below 1000 m depth from 52 locations around the globe to infer the implications of the Armstrong et al. [2002] ‘‘ballast’’ model to the ratio of organic carbon to calcium carbonate in the deep sea (the rain ratio). We distinguished three forms of mineral ballast: calcium carbonate, opal, and lithogenic material. We concur with Armstrong et al....

3. The microscopic structure of the egg envelopes is described. The egg is covered by three main envelopes: a hard, brittle exochorion built of seven distinct layers, two of which consist almost solely of calcium salts; a double-layered, membranous endochorion; a thin vitelline membrane. Layers of the chorion may be summarized as follows: (i) exochorion—tubercular layer, dark layer, lamellar me...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to disclose the prevalence of myocardial ischemia, as detected by adenosine stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with hybrid single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT), in asymptomatic diabetic and pre-diabetic patients and to find out whether ischemia predicted the occurrence of adverse cardiac/cerebrovascular events (ACCE...

The influence of mineral substrate composition and structure on bacterial calcium carbonate productivity and polymorph selection was studied. Bacterial calcium carbonate precipitation occurred on calcitic (Iceland spar single crystals, marble, and porous limestone) and silicate (glass coverslips, porous sintered glass, and quartz sandstone) substrates following culturing in liquid medium (M-3P)...

The processing of seawater by the marine teleost fi sh intestine includes high rates of base (bicarbonate) secretion into the intestinal fl uids. The resulting high bicarbonate concentrations in the intestinal fl uids combine with the calcium in the ingested seawater to form calcium carbonate crystals. This process is important for the salt and water balance of the marine teleost fi sh and lead...

In the last few years, evidence has accumulated that calcifying organisms are likely to be affected by ocean acidification. Therefore, the production of calcium carbonate will probably decline, although conversely global warming, increasing stratification and sea level rise may also stimulate increases in global calcification. As acidification reaches the deep ocean, it will cause pronounced sh...

The effect on ciprofloxacin's bioavailability (F) of calcium carbonate given 2 h before ciprofloxacin administration in 12 male volunteers was studied. The relative F with calcium was 0.98, maximum concentration of drug in serum increased significantly from 1.98 to 2.42 mg/liter (P = 0.039), and time to maximum concentration of drug in serum decreased from 1.82 to 1.26 h (P = 0.038). Thus, a si...

Mollusks shell formation is mediated by matrix proteins and many of these proteins have been identified and characterized. However, the mechanisms of protein control remain unknown. Here, we report the ubiquitylation of matrix proteins in the prismatic layer of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata. The presence of ubiquitylated proteins in the prismatic layer of the shell was detected with a combi...

Background: This study investigated the effects of some important meteorological parameters and filler type compounds on phytotoxicity of captan in peach trees in the north of Iran. Captan is a phthalimide fungicide which has frequently been used in northern regions of Iran to control certain plant diseases. This fungicide has caused intense phytotoxicity in peach trees which was first observ...

Dolomite is a double salt composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and magnesium carbonate (MgCO3). The heat treatment of CaCO3 and MgCO3 respectively generates calcium oxide (CaO) and magnesium oxide (MgO), which have antimicrobial activity. In this study, heated dolomite powder (HDP) slurry was investigated for its sporicidal activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 spores. The B. subtilis s...