This study aims to observe the changes and the function of p38MAPK-HSP27 signaling pathways in acute lung injury (ALI) induced by acute ischemic kidney injury in rats. Wistar rats were randomly divided into Group A (control group), Group B (acute kidney injury group), and Group C (acute kidney injury +SB203580). The concentration of protein in BALF, neutrophil counts, PI, W/D; the concentration...

In patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), supportive therapy with mechanical ventilation and oxygen is often life saving. Further acute lung injury however, is an unfortunate consequence of oxygen therapy as well as mechanical injury secondary to ventilator induced/associated lung injury (VI/ALI). In this issue of Critical Care, Li et al. expand on the intra-cellular signalin...

BACKGROUND It has been proposed that partial liquid ventilation (PLV) causes a compression of the pulmonary vasculature by the dense perfluorocarbons and a subsequent redistribution of pulmonary blood flow from dorsal to better-ventilated middle and ventral lung regions, thereby improving arterial oxygenation in situations of acute lung injury. METHODS After induction of acute lung injury by ...

The extracellular superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) is highly expressed in both blood vessels and lungs. In different models of pulmonary injury, SOD3 is reduced; however, it is unclear whether this contributes to lung injury. To study the role of acute SOD3 reduction in lung injury, the SOD3 gene was deleted in adult mice by using the Cre-Lox technology. Acute reduction of SOD3 led to a fivefold i...

Serum IL-6 is increased in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and is associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation and increased mortality. Inhibition of IL-6 in mice with AKI reduces lung injury associated with a reduction in the chemokine CXCL1 and lung neutrophils. Whether circulating IL-6 or locally produced lung IL-6 mediates lung injury after AKI is unknown. We hypothesized that c...

Combined acute renal and pulmonary failure has a very high mortality. In animals, lung injury develops after shock, or visceral or renal ischemia. -Melanocyte stimulating hormone ( MSH) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine which inhibits inflammatory, apoptotic, and cytotoxic pathways implicated in acute renal injury. We sought to determine if -MSH inhibits acute lung injury following renal ischemi...

Combined acute renal and pulmonary failure has a very high mortality. In animals, lung injury develops after shock or visceral or renal ischemia. Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) is an antiinflammatory cytokine, which inhibits inflammatory, apoptotic, and cytotoxic pathways implicated in acute renal injury. We sought to determine if alpha-MSH inhibits acute lung injury after ren...

• Neutrophil-platelet aggregates are dynamically formed in the lung in response to injury and are regulated by aspirin-triggered lipoxin. • The therapeutic effect of aspirin in acute lung injury is in large part mediated by the production of pro-resolving lipid mediators. Evidence is emerging that platelets aremajor contributors to innate immune responses in conditions such as acute lung injury...

In order to study human acute lung injury and pneumonia, it is important to develop animal models to mimic various pathological features of this disease. Here we have developed a mouse lung injury model by intra-tracheal injection of bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa or PA). Using this model, we were able to show lung inflammation at the early phase of injury. In addition, alveolar...

Currently there is no recognized biochemical or molecular marker for human parenchymal lung injury analogous to markers for acute myocardial injury. Injury to the alveolar epithelial barrier is of central importance in the pathogenesis of and recovery from acute lung injury. In animal models, an alveolar type I cell-specific protein, RTI(40), has been shown to be an accurate marker of alveolar ...