Going from a scaling approach for birth/death processes, we investigate the convergence of solutions to Backward Stochastic Differential Equations driven sequence converging martingales. We apply our results non-Markovian stochastic control problems discrete population models. In particular describe how values and optimal controls converge when models towards continuous model.

The study of heavy quark systems on the lattice is complicated by the large separation of momentum scales which are difficult to accommodate on isotropic lattices. Over the years many effective descriptions of QCD have been developed for low energies and tested against a wealth of experimental data [1–3]. However, the (non-)perturbative control of higher dimensional operators is very difficult ...

With the gradual advancement towards goal of carbon neutrality, photovoltaic power generation, as a relatively mature zero-carbon technology, will be connected to grid in an increasing proportion. A voltage control strategy, involving distributed energy storage, is proposed order solve deviation problem caused by high proportion PV low distribution network (LVDN). calculation method LVDN node w...

7.1 The measurement of changes in the level of consumer prices is complicated by the appearance and disappearance of new and old goods and services, as well as changes in the quality of existing ones. If there were no such complications, then a representative sample could be taken of the items households consume in period 0, their prices recorded and compared with the prices of the same matched...

This papers proposes techniques for writing self-adjusting programs that can adjust to any change to their data (e.g., inputs, decisions made during the computation) etc. We show that the techniques are efficient by considering a number of applications including several sorting algorithms, and the Graham Scan, and the quick hull algorithm for computing convex hulls. We show that the techniques ...