Cleaning and drying a surface with a non-germicidal detergent is effective against some pathogens, but not all. Pathogens like Salmonella and toxigenic E. coli (gram-negative microorganisms) are generally adapted to wet environments, and so an initial removal is achieved when the surface is wiped and then drying helps to kill more germs – but this takes time and one can’t count on drying to rem...

This paper aims at increasing the understanding of the processes and dynamics of CI implementation. The paper presents findings from a longitudinal case study of how the organization is renewed by the embedding of quality-related managerial ideology. It approaches CI from the perspective of organizational renewal, and looks at implementation as a managerial ideological change process. The paper...

Power semiconductor manufacturers are offering IGBT modules with ever greater power densities. The limit is represented by the maximum power loss that can be dissipated; optimisation criteria are the packaging technology as well as the conduction and switching losses of the semiconductor chips. The high current density of the modules together with high switching speeds place increased demands o...

BACKGROUND For complex patients in the intensive care unit or in the operating room, many questions regarding their haemodynamic management cannot be answered with simple clinical examination. In particular, arterial pressure allows only a rough estimation of cardiac output. Transpulmonary thermodilution is a technique that provides a full haemodynamic assessment through cardiac output and othe...

Many neurons receive excitatory glutamatergic input almost exclusively onto dendritic spines. In the absence of spines, the amplitudes and kinetics of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) at the site of synaptic input are highly variable and depend on dendritic location. We hypothesized that dendritic spines standardize the local geometry at the site of synaptic input, thereby reducing lo...

This paper presents a study of the main advantages of inverted decoupling in 2x2 processes. Two simulation examples and an experimental process are used to show these advantages in comparison with simplified decoupling. The study is focused on the following practical advantages: the apparent process is the same as that obtained if one loop changes to manual, bumpless transfer and anti-windup ar...

Our well-being depends on both our personal success and the success of our society. The realization of this fact makes cooperation an essential trait. Experiments have shown that rewards can elevate our readiness to cooperate, but since giving a reward inevitably entails paying a cost for it, the emergence and stability of such behavior remains elusive. Here we show that allowing for the act of...

The implementation of DSP (Digital Signal Processing) to the television, CCTV, medical, industrial and other cameras caused the numerous benefits to the camera picture processing. Even though the camera CCD (Charge Coupled Device) block is basically an analog device and a part of video signal processing is still performed in the analog domain the A/D converter at the CCD output transforms video...

Ultrametric algorithms are similar to probabilistic algorithms but they describe the degree of indeterminism by p-adic numbers instead of real numbers. No wonder that only very few examples of advantages for ultrametric algorithms over probabilistic ones have been published up to now, and all they are slightly artificial. This paper considers ultrametric and probabilistic one-counter automata w...