We studied the white sea bream (Diplodus sargus), a protandrous hermaphroditic fish, in two protected and unprotected areas in southwestern France. We observed a significant difference in the demographic structure between the two areas. Females were present in two different age distributions inside and outside the marine reserve with younger females outside. This suggests plasticity in the age ...

A general finding in the empirical literature on charitable giving is that among older individuals, both the probability of giving and the conditional amount of donations decrease with age, ceteris paribus. In this paper, we use data on giving by alumni at an anonymous university to investigate end-of-life giving patterns. Our main finding is that taking into account the approach of death subst...

Age adjustment, using the direct method, is the application of observed age-specific rates to a standard age distribution to eliminate differences in crude rates in populations of interest that result from differences in the populations’ age distributions. This adjustment is usually done when comparing two or more populations at one point in time or one population at two or more points in time....

The control of some childhood diseases has proven to be difficult even in countries that maintain high vaccination coverage. This may be due to the use of imperfect vaccines and there has been much discussion on the different modes by which vaccines might fail. To understand the epidemiological implications of some of these different modes, we performed a systematic analysis of a model based on...

The age profiles of the infected populations of two dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) epidemics, the 1997 epidemic, in Santiago de Cuba and the 1998 epidemic in Thailand, are compared. Using an age-structured model of disease transmission, the dependence of the forces of infection on age was determined for each epidemic. The difference in the behavior of the two epidemics and the role of primary a...

The central 95 percentile estimates of the normal white cell types (as determined by a standard differential count) were calculated from 777 normal individuals. The results were divided into groups by age and sex and expressed both as percentages and as absolute numbers of cells.A similar survey was made using the prototype of a new automated differential counting method (Hemalog-D(TM)). The tw...

BACKGROUND The biology of adult tsetse (Glossina spp), vectors of trypanosomiasis in Africa, has been extensively studied - but little is known about larviposition in the field. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In September-November 1998, in the hot-dry season in Zimbabwe's Zambezi Valley, we used artificial warthog burrows to capture adult females as they deposited larvae. Females were subject...

Estimations of age from tooth formation standards for a large (n = 282) sample of subadult skeletal remains from a 19th century historic cemetery sample were analyzed. The standards of Moorrees et al. (1963a,b) for the permanent and deciduous teeth, and Anderson et al. (1976) for the formation of permanent dentition were employed in a variety of combinations to calculate mean dental ages. Tests...

Studies of the prevalence of rheumatic symptoms in coalminers over the age of 15 years have been carried out by Kellgren, Lawrence, and Aitken-Swan (1953), and Anderson, Duthie, and Moody (1962). The prevalence rates recorded in these two studies were not the same and it was suggested that the difference might have arisen from differences in technique. The former workers indicated that there wa...

BACKGROUND Self-rating of health is among the most frequently assessed health perceptions in epidemiological research. The aim of this study was to compare different measures of global self-rated health (SRH) with respect to differences in age and sex groups and relations to hypothesized determinants. METHOD Three single-question measures of SRH were included in a health questionnaire adminis...