BACKGROUND Treatment of recent tuberculosis infection in children aged <2 years is essential, because of high risk of progression to disease, but diagnosis is hindered by the inaccuracy of the tuberculin skin test (TST). More-accurate T cell-based tests of infection could enhance diagnosis by optimizing interpretation of the TST results. METHODS A total of 979 child tuberculosis contacts in I...

Height and weight data from children in the United States, United Kingdom, Japan, and Singapore were analyzed to investigate differences in growth between the groups of children. An investigation into the adjusted weight indexes of the form index = weight/heightp for differing powers of p (Benn index) showed that the power of p required to produce a correlation of zero between the index and hei...

Iron deficiency anemia(IDA) is one of the most common nutritional problems in the world.children under 5 years old are considerd as the high risk group consisting a high proportion of IDA patients.in this group,due to the specific conditions,the complication of anemia may lead to serious consequences.this study was designed to determine the prevalence of IDA in 1-5 years old children.A total of...

Background: Normal standard references of blood pressure (BP) for children and adolescents have been suggested to be constructed based on anthropometric indices. Accordingly, we aimed to develop first BP reference percentiles by weight and age for Iranian children aged 3-18 years old. Materials and Methods: A total of 16,246 children and adolescents aged 3-18 years were included from 3 cross-se...

INTRODUCTION Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence, serotype distribution, and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae were estimated in children aged 28 days to < 60 months. MATERIAL AND METHODS One-year prospective, hospital-based surveillance was conducted starting on February 15, 2008, at two children's hospitals serving the city and surrounding county of Poznań and ...

OBJECTIVES This report presents data on the prevalence of diagnosed autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as reported by parents of school-aged children (ages 6-17 years) in 2011-2012. Prevalence changes from 2007 to 2011-2012 were evaluated using cohort analyses that examine the consistency in the 2007 and 2011-2012 estimates for children whose diagnoses could have been reported in both surveys (i.e....

BACKGROUND Alterations in the spinal column and obesity are on the rise, causing great concern in health and educational strata. This paper aims to take a step further and study in detail the relationship of the presence of scoliotic hump in obese schoolchildren. OBJECTIVE was to determine the relationship between prevalence of types of variables hump and sociodemographic, anthropometric, and...

The tritone paradox is produced by a basic pattern that consists of an ordered pair of Shepard tones that are related by a half-octave (i.e., a tritone). When listeners judge whether such tone pairs ascend or descend in pitch, their judgments show systematic relationships to the positions of the tones along the pitch-class circle: Tones in one region of the circle are heard as higher and tones ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine national patterns of basketball-related injuries treated in emergency departments in the United States among children and adolescents 20 years of age. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted with data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System of the US Consumer Product Safety Commission, from 1997 to 2007. Sample weights provided b...

OBJECTIVE The Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHS-Symptoms and Normal Behavior (SWAN) Scale has been developed to support the dimensional assessment of ADHD symptoms by capturing variance on both poles of the ADHD continuum. The present study provides the first validation of the German version of SWAN (SWAN-DE). METHOD Based on a sample of N1 = 343 children from the general population and N2 = 6...