The aim of this study was to determine a simple routine procedure to preserve, decarbonate and analyse low-carbonated filters of suspended particulate organic matter (POM) for particulate organic carbon and nitrogen content, δC and δN. Our goal was to analyse these four parameters from a single and entire filter of POM without altering the organic material. First, freezing (-20°C) versus oven-d...

in this note by considering a complete lattice l, we define thenotion of an l-fuzzy hyperrelation on a given non-empty set x. then wedefine the concepts of (pom)l-fuzzy graph, hypergraph and subhypergroupand obtain some related results. in particular we construct the categories ofthe above mentioned notions, and give a (full and faithful) functor form thecategory of (pom)l-fuzzy subhypergroups ...

Sinking particles mediate the transport of carbon and energy to the deep-sea, yet the specific microbes associated with sedimenting particles in the ocean's interior remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we used particle interceptor traps (PITs) to assess the nature of particle-associated microbial communities collected at a variety of depths in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. Comp...

In order to evaluate the dynamics of carbon storage during forest succession and explore the significance of water relations and soil stability in forest environments, a study was conducted in 2011. This study investigated the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions and its protection through aggregation along the successional forests. An experiment in South China examined pine forest (...

Sinking of marine snow is a major mechanism of particulate carbon transport from surface waters to the seafloor. Any process altering the abundance or size of marine snow influences carbon flux and food availability to pelagic and benthic organisms. We explored whether zooplankton can alter carbon transport by a new mechanism—physical fragmentation of marine snow. The fluid stress created aroun...

In order to characterize the sources and ages of organic matter contributing to river and estuarine outflow waters, the present study investigated D14C and d13C signatures of the major operationally defined biochemical classes of ultrafiltered dissolved organic matter (UDOM) in conjunction with lipid biomarker and elemental compositions of UDOM and suspended particulate organic matter (POM) in ...

Soil contains almost twice as much carbon (C) as the atmosphere and 5-15% of soil C is stored in a form of particulate organic matter (POM). Particulate organic matter C is regarded as one of the most labile components of the soil C, such that can be easily lost under right environmental settings. Conceptually, micro-environmental conditions are understood to be responsible for protection of so...

In the last decade organic-inorganic hybrid materials have become essential in materials science as they combine properties of both building blocks. Nowadays the main routes for their synthesis involve electrostatic coupling, covalent grafting, and/or solvent effects. In this field, polyoxometalates (POMs) have emerged as interesting inorganic functional building blocks due to their outstanding...