We develop the theory of agrarian invariants, which are algebraic counterparts to $L^2$-invariants. Specifically, we introduce notions Betti numbers, acyclicity, torsion and polytope for finite free $G$-CW-co

After 20 years of implementing the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program or CARP in 1987, evidence to suggest that it has contributed to solving the poverty problem in the Philippine rural sector remains deficient. After spending a total of P137 billion1 on land distribution and support services to the program beneficiaries, the outcome is deemed lacking in terms of achieving social justice for...

The historical record shows that neither state-led nor market-led land reform models have been successful in removing these inequities. In response to this problem, this Policy Research Brief draws primarily on a UNDP-ISS supported set of country studies and analytical papers in order to point toward an alternative model of land reform that could both satisfy legitimate and urgent demands for s...