the fact that no state may benefit from its wrongful act, be it either commission or omission, is a well established principle of international law which originates from the fundamental principle of good faith. when states conclude a dispute settlement agreement and accept to refer a dispute to an international arbitration or judicial proceedings under bilateral or multilateral treaties, they a...

We present a distance-agnostic approach to quantitative verification. Taking as input an unspecified distance on system traces, or executions, we develop a game-based framework which allows us to define a spectrum of different interesting system distances corresponding to the given trace distance. Thus we extend the classic linear-time–branching-time spectrum to a quantitative setting, parametr...

Recently it has been argued that autoparallels should be the correct description of free particle motion in spaces with torsion, and that such trajectories can be derived from variational principles if these are suitably adapted. The purpose of this letter is to call attention to the problems that such attempts raise, namely the requirement of a more elaborate structure in order to formulate th...

consider the random walk among n places with n(n - 1)/2 transports. we attach an exponential random variable xij to each transport between places pi and pj and take these random variables mutually independent. if transports are possible or impossible independently with probability p and 1-p, respectively, then we give a lower bound for the distribution function of the smallest path at point log...

[W]hen a number of persons engage in a just, mutually advantageous, cooperative venture according to rules and thus restrain their liberty in ways necessary to yield advantages for all, those who have submitted to these restrictions have a right to similar acquiescence on the part of those who have benefited from their submission. The principle of fairness has encountered vigorous objections. S...

Independent Variable Group Analysis (IVGA) is a principle for grouping dependent variables together while keeping mutually independent or weakly dependent variables in separate groups. In this paper an agglomerative method for learning a hierarchy of IVGA groupings is presented. The method resembles hierarchical clustering, but the distance measure is based on a model-based approximation of mut...

this study analyses the condition of attorney dismissal which civil law has accepted  because its previous studies presented that the truth and requirement of attorney contract in terms of customary and literally agreement, is representation. removal of lawyers with guaranteed implication or even by claim of adjustment implication lies in the meaning of  representation and the two parts are not...

This study aims to determine the implementation of Andragogy Learning Model in Competency Training for PKBM Tutors Kampar Regency. The method used is descriptive qualitative. Researchers observation, interviews and documentation. Sources data are 2 tutors 5 students. results showed that andragogy learning model was delivery material from tutor/training instructor according had been mutually agr...