Atmospheric aerosols, suspensions of solid or liquid particles, are an important multiphase system. Aerosols scatter and absorb shortwave (solar) radiation, affecting climate (Charlson et al., 1992; Schwartz, 1996) and visibility; nucleate cloud droplet formation, modifying the reflectivity of clouds (Twomey et al., 1984; Schwartz and Slingo, 1996) as well as contributing to composition of clou...

The installation of roofing materials with increased solar reflectance (i.e., "cool roofs") can mitigate the urban heat island effect and reduce energy use. In addition, meteorological changes, along with the possibility of enhanced UV reflection from these surfaces, can have complex impacts on ozone and PM2.5 concentrations. We aim to evaluate the air-quality impacts of widespread cool-roof in...

According to the Air Quality Framework Directive, air pollutant concentration levels have to be assessed and reported annually by each European Union member state, taking into consideration European air quality standards. Plans and programmes should be implemented in zones and agglomerations where pollutant concentrations exceed the limit and target values. The main objective of this study is t...

Comparisons of air quality policies involve numerous considerations such as cost, health, effects on vegetation and materials, and aesthetics. Such assessments require difficult scientific and value judgments. These difficulties can also characterize comparisons that consider only physical and chemical air quality indices. We compare ambient tropospheric ozone concentrations from a baseline sce...

Air quality levels vary over regions due to meteorological factors, proximity to sources, and local conditions (i.e., topography). The Northeast USA is subjected to pollution inputs from both local sources and those from the upwind Midwest USA that are transported by prevailing meteorological patterns. With the passage of the Clean Air Act in 1970 and the establishment of the National Ambient A...

This paper describes a study to evaluate the capability of a photochemical grid modeling system to predict changes in ozone concentrations in response to emission changes over a period of several years. The development of regulatory emission control plans to meet air quality standards primarily relies on modeled projections of future-year air quality, although a weight of evidence approach (whi...

DISCUSSION: Health and Safety Code section 39606 (d) (1) requires the Board, in consultation with the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, to review all current health-based California ambient air quality standards to determine whether, based on public health, scientific literature, and exposure pattern data, the standards adequately protect the health of the public, including infa...

Ozone is one of the main air pollutants with harmful influence over human health. Therefore, predicting the ozone concentration and informing the population when the air quality standards have been exceeded is an important task. In this paper, firstand high-order Gaussian process models for 1-hour ahead prediction of ozone concentration in the air of Bourgas, Bulgaria are identified and verifie...

In developing countries land-filling is the most common form of waste management that is practiced. Landfills are known to be anthropogenic sources of air pollutants that have a negative impact on both environmental and human health. People who work on landfill sites are particularly at risk of adverse health effects associated with the inhalation of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), such as vol...