Diesel exhaust is a complex chemical mixture that has been linked to lung cancer mortality in a number of epidemiologic studies. However, the dose-response relationship remains largely undefined, and the specific components responsible for carcinogenicity have not been identified. Although previous focus has been on the particulate phase, diesel exhaust includes a vapor phase of numerous volati...

IN studying the distribution in tissues of substances which react with reduced fuchsin, it is frequently necessary to distinguish between (a) substances which react as though they were free aldehydes; (A) substances which react as though they were aldehyde acetals; and (c) substances which react as aldehydes as a result of oxidation of precursors in the tissue. In a recent paper on the plasmal ...

A gold-catalyzed oxidation of arylallenes to form α-diketones and aldehydes in good yields is presented. Further directed synthesis of quinoxalines and benzimidazoles, via the condensation of the resulting α-diketones and aldehydes with benzene-1,2-diamine, was achieved in high yields.

The copper-mediated cyanation of indoles with DMF as a single surrogate has been realized. This approach could be applied for the cyanation of some electron-rich arenes and aryl aldehydes as well. Aryl aldehydes were demonstrated to be the key intermediates in the cascade process of cyanation of indoles and electron-rich arenes.

An asymmetric proline catalyzed aldol reaction with a-thioacetal aldehydes has been developed. Thioacetal bearing aldehydes readily participate as electrophilic cross-aldol partners with a broad range of aldehyde and ketone donors. High levels of reaction efficiency as well as diastereoand enantiocontrol are observed in the production of anti-aldol adducts. q 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reser...

A novel Ni-PyBisulidine complex has been developed for the asymmetric hydrophosphonylation of aldehydes. A variety of aromatic, heteroaromatic, condensed-ring, α,β-unsaturated, and aliphatic aldehydes are found to be suitable substrates for the reaction, and the desired α-hydroxy phosphonates are obtained in up to 99% yield and 97% ee.

S-triazines are photosynthetic inhibitors. They have been substituted with co-aminoundecanoic acid. The coupling products have been transformed into triazine aldehydes. These com­ pounds displace radioactive terbutryn and have inhibitory effects on photosynthesis in plants and bacteria. Triazine aldehydes were shown to be effective substrates for bacterial luciferase. A competitive assay betwee...

Highly selective enzymatic reductions of aldehydes to the corresponding alcohols was performed using an E. coli JM109 whole cell biocatalyst. A selective enzymatic method for the reduction of aldehydes could provide an eco-compatible alternative to chemical methods. The simplicity, fairly wide scope and the very high observed chemoselectivity of this approach are its most unique features.

An oxidative methyl esterification of aldehydes was effectively achieved. The trivalent indium reagent, indium(III) triflate, was revealed to accelerate the reactions in many cases. Aromatic aldehydes with various substituents were subjected to this method, and each produced the corresponding methyl esters in good to excellent yields within a relatively short reaction time.

We report the discovery that simple carboxylic acids, such as benzoic acid, boost activity of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysts in oxidative esterification aldehydes. A and efficient protocol for transformation a wide range sterically hindered ?- ?-substituted aliphatic aldehydes/enals, catalyzed by novel readily accessible N-Mes-/N-2,4,6-trichlorophenyl 1,2,4-triazolium salt, acid co-cata...