We discuss the origin of enhanced gauge symmetry in ALE (and K3) compactification of M theory, either defined as the strong coupling limit of the type IIa superstring, or as defined by Banks et al. In the D-brane formalism, wrapped membranes are D0 branes with twisted string boundary conditions, and appear on the same footing with the Kaluza-Klein excitations of the gauge bosons. In M(atrix) th...

Many studies have assessed the neural underpinnings of creativity, failing to find a clear anatomical localization. We aimed to provide evidence for a multi-componential neural system for creativity. We applied a general activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis to 45 fMRI studies. Three individual ALE analyses were performed to assess creativity in different cognitive domains (Music...

The objective of the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) methodology for solving multidimensional fluid flow problems is to move the computational mesh, using the flow as a guide, to improve the robustness, accuracy and efficiency of a simulation. The main elements in the ALE simulation are an explicit Lagrangian phase, a rezone phase in which a new mesh is defined, and a remapping (conservativ...

The worldvolume theory of D3-branes probing four D7-branes and an O7-plane on C/Z2 is given by a supersymmetric USp×USp gauge theory. We demonstrate that, at least for a particular choice of the holonomy at infinity, we can go to a dual description of the gauge theory, where we can add a Fayet-Iliopoulos term describing the blowing-up of the orbifold to the smooth ALE space. This allows us to e...

Mesh optimization has proven to be an effective way to improve mesh quality for arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) simulations. To date, however, most of the focus has been on improving the geometric shape of individual elements, and these methods often do not result in smooth transitions in element size or aspect ratio across groups of elements. We present an extension to the mean ratio optim...

An important part of pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is attributed to the contribution of AGE (Advanced Glycation Endproducts) and ALE (Advanced Lipid peroxidation Endproducts). In order to attenuate the progression of AD, we designed a new type of molecules that consist of two trapping parts for reactive carbonyl species (RCS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), precursors of AGE and A...

To evaluate and develop methodologies for the extraction of gel-forming extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), EPS from aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was extracted using six different methods (centrifugation, sonication, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), formamide with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), formaldehyde with NaOH and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) with heat and constant mixing). AGS was ...

A great deal of research exists on the neural basis of theory-of-mind (ToM) or mentalizing. Qualitative reviews on this topic have identified a mentalizing network composed of the medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate/precuneus, and bilateral temporal parietal junction. These conclusions, however, are not based on a quantitative and systematic approach. The current review presents a qua...

We propose the speech noise reduction system based on the frequency domain adaptive line enhancer. The adaptive line enhancer (ALE) is effective to extract sinusoidal signals blurred by a broadband noise. The ALE utilizes only one microphone; therefore, it is suitable for miniaturizing portable electronic devices. Especially, our proposed system adopts the frequency domain adaptive filter by us...

Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) methods have existed for several decades. However, three-dimensional multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (MMALE) methods for unstructured grids are relatively new. MMALE algorithms provide the framework to model sections of a simulation as either Lagrangian, ALE, or Eulerian. In addition, sections of a simulation can switch in time between mesh motio...