The thermal decomposition mechanism of synthetic Al(OH)3 (gibbsite) was studied in situ by neutron thermodiffractometry in an ambient atmosphere from room temperature to 6001C with 501C steps. Gibbsite decomposed to yield AlO . (OH) (boehmite) and then poorly crystallized v-Al2O3. Rietveld analysis was used to refine the cell parameters’ variation of gibbsite and its thermal expansion coefficie...

In 1932 Kettle1 reported that where quartz particles are coated with iron their fibrogenic action is inhibited. Although initially unsuccessful, Gardner was able to confirm this inhibitory action in 1938. More recently Vorwald4 also described the inhibitory action of iron on experimental silicosis in guinea pigs. Finely divided metallic aluminum powder according to Denny et al.,#{176} and alumi...

The formation of hydroxyaluminosilicates is integral to the biogeochemical cycles of aluminium and silicon. The unique inorganic chemistry which underlies their formation explains the non-essentiality in biota of both of these elements. However, the first steps in the formation of hydroxyaluminosilicates were hitherto only theoretical and plausibly only accessible in silico. Herein we have used...

The reactivity of immobilized functional groups in thin layers of (3-aminopropy1)triethoxy~ilane (APS), (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxy~ilane, (3-bromopropyl)trimethoxysilane, and (8-bromoody1)trimethoxysilane on oxidized aluminum substrates was studied with reflection-adsorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIR), optical ellipsometry and contact-angle measurements. Mass changes on the surface associat...

Recovering resources from water purification sludge (WPS) have been gradually stipulated in environmental protection laws and regulations in many nations. Hence, reusing the WPS is becoming an important topic, and recovering alum from WPS is one of the many practical alternatives. Most previous research efforts have been conducted on studying the amphoteric characteristic of aluminum hydroxide ...

Current vaccination strategies for commercial poultry using live attenuated and inactivated Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines have some limitation and difficulties, and new vaccines with distinct features are needed. Recently, in ovo vaccination technology is concerned as a safe, efficacious, and convenient method. Common ND vaccines used in chickens cannot be employed in ovo due to embryo toxici...

The structures of core-links Al(13) (C-Al(13)) and flat-Al(13) (F-Al(13)) complexes in aqueous solution have been investigated using density functional theory (DFT) at the level of B3LYP/6-31G(d). The present work focuses on the following three aspects: (1) C-Al(13)(9+) was optimized with the consideration of solvent effect and the (27)Al NMR chemical shifts using Hartree Fock GIAO and B3LYP GI...

Mesoporous aluminum oxyhydroxides composed of nanoflakes were prepared via a water-in-oil microemulsion-assisted hydrothermal process at 50 °C using aluminum salts as precursors and ammonium hydroxide as a precipitating agent. The microstructure, morphology, and textural properties of the as-prepared materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM)...

In Taiwan, the turbidity of raw water for fresh water treatments can sometimes reach as high as 40000 NTU due to intensive rainfall, especially in typhoon seasons. In response, water works often apply large quantities of coagulants such as polyaluminium chloride (PACl). In this study, simulated and natural highly turbid water was coagulated with two PACls, a commercial product (PACl-1) and a la...

The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of surface potential in microbial deposition onto modified granular surfaces. Recent experimental and theoretical work has indicated that surfaces coated with metal oxides and hydroxide rich oxide/hydroxide mixtures ((hydr)oxides) have the potential to increase the capture efficiencies of commercial filtration systems. This study quantitat...