The single-dose pharmacokinetics of amantadine hydrochloride and rimantadine hydrochloride were compared in a randomized, two-period, crossover study involving six young (less than or equal to 35 years) and six elderly (less than or equal to 60 years) adults. Subjects ingested single 200-mg oral doses after an overnight fast, and serial plasma (0 to 96 h), nasal mucus (0 to 8 h), and urine (0 t...

administration of levodopa significantly improved the swallowing reflex in patients with aspiration pneumonia,4 and that amantadine, a drug that acts by the releasing dopamine from dopaminergic nerve terminals, could lower the risk of pneumonia to about 20% in patients with stroke.5 Therefore, amantadine may also be beneficial in preventing pneumonia in patients with stroke. This drug should be...

BACKGROUND Multi-factorial etiology exists in pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. The imbalance of anti-oxidant enzymes and dopamine level leads to Parkinsonism. The objective of this study was to assess the protective effect of Spirulina fusiform alone and in combination with amantadine against Parkinsonism effect in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced rat model. METHODS S. fusifor...

The occurrence of multi-drug resistant highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) strains highlights the urgent need for strategies for the prevention and control of avian influenza virus. The aim of our current study is to evaluate the antiviral activity of dryocrassin ABBA isolated from Rhizoma Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis (RDC) against an amantadine-resistant H5N1 (A/Chicken/Hebei/706/...

The studies described in this report demonstrate that 1-adamantanamine hydrochloride (amantadine) is a potent enhancer of the cytotoxic activity of the anti-pan-T lymphocyte (CD5) T101 monoclonal antibody conjugated to purified ricin A-chain (T101-immunotoxin; T101-IT). We also demonstrate that T101-IT in the presence of amantadine does not induce immunotoxin-mediated cytotoxicity in nontarget ...

Amantadine HCl (3 mg kg-1) was administered orally to 20 young healthy adults. Its apparent volume of distribution (V2/F) was higher in smokers than nonsmokers, 6.05 +/- 0.86 vs 4.87 +/- 0.85 l kg-1; (mean +/- s.d., 10/group, P < 0.011), and no gender-associated effect was observed. Renal clearance did not vary with time-interval, but urinary recovery at 48 h was higher in men than in women (60...

OBJECTIVE Withdrawal symptoms are a main reason of continuous use of opioid. This study compares the efficacy of augmentation of amantadine with clonidine in decreasing opioid withdrawal symptoms. METHODS This double-blind randomized clinical trial was carried out in the detoxification and rehabilitation inpatient ward at Razi Hospital, Tabriz, Iran during 2012. The patients were randomly ass...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the trial was to examine the effects of amantadine, a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, on the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) plus insulin, glucagon and neurotransmitters circulating levels. Previous findings showed that hyperinsulinism and type 2 diabetes are positively associated with neural sympathetic and adrenal sympathetic activities, respectively. These...

Recently, we cloned the human cation transporter hOCT2, a member of a new family of polyspecific transporters from kidney, and demonstrated electrogenic uptake of tetraethylammonium, choline, N1-methylnicotinamide, and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium. Using polymerase chain reaction amplification, cDNA sequencing, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry, we now show that hOCT2 message and p...