Tissue deposition of normally soluble proteins, or their fragments, as insoluble amyloid fibrils causes both acquired and hereditary systemic amyloidoses, which is usually fatal. Amyloid is associated with serious diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, type 2 diabetes, Parkinson’s Disease, Huntington’s Disease, cancer and the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Information concerning the ...

I. Protein folding in the cell. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494 II. Molecular and chemical chaperones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494 A. Heat shock response and heat shock proteins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

BACKGROUND Dementia induced by β-amyloid accumulation impairs peripheral glucose homeostasis, but red pepper extract improves glucose homeostasis. We therefore evaluated whether long-term oral consumption of different red pepper extracts improves cognitive dysfunction and glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetic rats with β-amyloid-induced dementia. METHODS Male diabetic rats received hippocamp...

Amyloidosis is a group of rare progressive diseases that occur as result abnormal protein folding and aggregation. Systemic amyloidosis serious disease with high mortality, prompt diagnosis key to improving prognosis. Conversely, localised does not reduce life expectancy can often be treated simple surgical excision. Amyloid deposits found in the oral cavity, usually context systemic amyloidosi...

The effects of the novel proline-containing nootropic and neuroprotective dipeptide, noopept (GVS-111, N-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester) were investigated in NMRI mice following olfactory bulbectomy. We have shown previously that these animals developed Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like behaviour, morphology and biochemistry including impairment of spatial memory, regional neuronal degene...

Polymerization into amyloid fibrils is a crucial step in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative syndromes. Amyloid assembly is governed by properties of the sequence backbone and specific side-chain interactions, since fibrils from unrelated sequences possess similar structures and morphologies. Therefore, characterization of the structural determinants driving amyloid aggregation is of fundamen...

Amyloidosis is a generic term for a heterogeneous group of disorders associated with deposition of protein in an abnormal fibrillar form. The diverse spectrum of amyloid related diseases is now recognised to include Alzheimer’s disease, type II diabetes, and the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Amyloidosis can be hereditary or acquired, localised or systemic, and potentially lethal or...