Several different layout schemes that are useful for implementing low resistance switches with MOS transistors are discussed and characterized. A comparison of the area required for implementing a switch with a standard alternating bar approach is made with layouts using waffle structures, serpentine structures, and modified waffle structures. Analytical design equations for these non-conventio...

We present a theoretical framework for the calculation of charge transport through nanowire-based Schottky-barrier field-effect transistors that is conceptually simple but still captures the relevant physical mechanisms of the transport process. Our approach combines two approaches on different length scales: (1) the finite element method is used to model realistic device geometries and to calc...

Transistor tapering is a widely used technique applied to optimize the geometries of CMOS transistors in high-performance circuit design with a view to minimizing the delay of a FET network. Currently, in a long FET network where MOS devices are stacked over one another to form a series chain network, the dimensions of the transistors are decreased from the bottom transistor to the top transist...

Recent development of trilayer graphene nanoribbon Schottky-barrier field-effect transistors (FETs) will be governed by transistor electrostatics and quantum effects that impose scaling limits like those of Si metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors. The current-voltage characteristic of a Schottky-barrier FET has been studied as a function of physical parameters such as effective ma...

In this paper, I outline a general framework for cultural analysis consistent with an “analytic” approach to explanation in social science. The proposed provides coherent solutions thorny problems theory. These include providing definition of culture (and the “cultural”), specifying nature units (both simple and complex), outlining processes making possible episodes genesis, transformation, rep...

Loss of circulation while drilling is a challenging problem that may interrupt operations, reduce efficiency, and contaminate the subsurface. When drilled borehole intercepts conductive faults or fractures, lost manifests as partial total escape drilling, workover, cementing fluids, into surrounding rock formations. control materials (LCM) are often used in mitigation process. Understanding fra...

Female genital mutilation in different parts of the African continent isconsidered as one of the vast territory’s social problems. This social problem whichis accounted as an old tradition in different countries of the African continent hashad so many unpleasant physical and mental effects on urban and rural Africanwomen during recent centuries. Throughout recent decades, considerable effortsha...