accurate diagnosis of the root canal morphology and anatomy is essential for thorough shaping and cleaning of the entire root canal system and consequent successful treatment. this report describes a case of maxillary second premolar with two roots and three root canals (two mesial and distal palatal canals). the case report underlines the importance of complete knowledge about root canal morph...

Degenerative hip disease (osteoarthritis) is common in this country. It may cause symptoms at any age in adult life, but the peak incidence is in the sixth decade, sex incidence being approximately equal. In men particularly, this age largely corresponds to the years of greatest productivity. Osteoarthritis of the hip is known to be secondary sometimes to such disorders as acetabular dysplasia,...

skeletal abnormalities are most often used to describe defects in the arms or legs that are associated with genes or chromosomes, or that occur due to an event that happens during pregnancy. spider lamb syndrome (sls) is a congenital disorder in sheep breeding that is recognized by some deformities in skeletal system especially in the limbs.a dead day-old cross-breed white lamb with deformed li...

Background: Uterine anomalies are thought to be one of the reasons recurrent miscarriages, and have been found in as many 10% 15% individuals who had several miscarriages. Before submitting patients another pregnancy, it is critical rule out any intrauterine abnormality. In situations pregnancy loss, office hysteroscopy has shown a highly useful technique diagnosing treating anatomical reasons....

Anatomically corrected malposition of the great arteries (ACMGA) is a rare form congenital heart disease. This abnormality belongs to conotruncal anomalies. ACMGA an anomaly in which aorta arises from left ventricle and pulmonary artery right but are located parallel relationships. Therefore, diagnosis this disease complicated due frequent diagnostic errors.
 The aim. To share our experien...

BACKGROUND Previous neuroimaging studies of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have demonstrated anatomic and functional abnormalities predominantly in frontal and striatal grey matter. Here we report the use of novel image analysis methods, which do not require prior selection of regions of interest, to characterize distributed morphological deficits of both grey and...

background: division of human genetics (dhg) is a referral center for karyotyping and counseling to the couples as well as to the individuals referred with bad obstetric history and infertility. materials and methods: from 1972 to 2003, overall 1666 couples and 131 female partners with bad obstetric history (boh) such as; spontaneous abortions, live births with congenital malformations and stil...

presence of extra roots and canals should be considered before initiation of root canal treatment for the success of endodontic treatment. a mandibular second premolar with three separate roots is very rare and its prevalence has been reported to be around 0.1%. this case report explains non-surgical endodontic treatment of a mandibular second premolar with three separate roots and three separa...