A new method for enhancing the contrast of magnetic resonance images (MRI) by retinex algorithm is proposed. It can correct the blurrings in deep anatomical structures and inhomogeneity of MRI. Multiscale retinex (MSR) employed SSR with different weightings to correct inhomogeneities and enhance the contrast of MR images. The method was assessed by applying it to phantom and animal images acqui...

Sheep are commonly used as a model for human spinal orthopaedic research due to their similarity in morphological and biomechanical features. This study aimed to document the volumes of vertebral bodies and compare the generated results as well as morphometry of the sheep lumbar spine to human published data. For this purpose, computed tomography scans were carried out on five adult Merino shee...

Epicardial fat tissue is a visceral fat depot with anatomical and functional contiguity to the myocardium and coronary arteries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between epicardial fat thickness (EFT) and cardiac changes in healthy female subjects. The study population consisted of ninety-six consecutive healthy female (mean age 31.1 ± 6.7 years) who underwent trans...

Cerebral vascular disease is responsible for nearly 800 000 hospital admissions annually with a total healthcare cost of $34 billion. Neuro-interventional surgery is at the forefront of fast-response assessment and intervention to assess patients’ health using digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Unfortunately, cerebral blood flow cannot be reliably measured with DSA during intervention. In t...

Craniometry is the scientific measurement of skulls, especially in relation to craniology while cephalometry is a branch of anthropometry in which the anatomical dimensions of head and face are measured. Cephalometry continues to be the most versatile technique in the investigation of the craniofacial skeleton because of its validity and practicality [1]. Human body dimensions are affected by e...

We propose an automatic method using dilated convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for segmentation of the myocardium and blood pool in cardiovascular MR (CMR) of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Ten training and ten test CMR scans cropped to an ROI around the heart were provided in the MICCAI 2016 HVSMR challenge. A dilated CNN with a receptive field of 131 × 131 voxels was trained...

The studies aimed at following isthmus of thyroid position changes in particular months of its intrauterine development. Survey material consisted of 124 human foetus thyroids aged 4-7 months of intrauterine development. The basic examination method was classical anatomical preparation. Three aspects were considered in thyroid isthmus position assessment: holotopy, skeletotopy and syntopy. The ...

— Left ventricular segmentation is essential for measuring left ventricular function indices. Segmentation of one or several images requires an initial guess of the contour. It is hypothesized here that creating an initial guess by first detecting anatomical markers, would lead to correct detection of the endocardium. The first step of the algorithm presented here includes automatic detection o...

Many hypotheses have been proposed about the brain underpinnings of developmental dyslexia, but none of them accommodates the variable deficits observed. To address the issue of anatomical deficits in dyslexia; total and partial volumes, lateralization indices (LI), and local gray matter volumes (LGMV) were measured. Analyses were performed in large samples of control and dyslexic subjects, and...

At a given external dose of an inhaled chemical the internal dose or the amount absorbed into the body varies depending on pulmonary ventilation and other physiological factors. Such variability is of concern in the development of biological indices of occupational exposure to organic solvent vapours. This paper discusses how physiological factors may influence the pharmacokinetic behaviour of ...