Quantum dots have emerged as an important class of material that offers great promise to a diverse range of applications ranging from energy conversion to biomedicine. Here, we review the potential of using quantum dots and quantum dot conjugates as sensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The photophysics of singlet oxygen generation in relation to quantum dot-based energy transfer is discu...

The creation, coherent manipulation, and measurement of spins in nanostructures open up completely new possibilities for electronics and information processing, among them quantum computing and quantum communication. We review our theoretical proposal for using electron spins in quantum dots as quantum bits. We present singleand two qubit gate mechanisms in laterally as well as vertically coupl...

The inter-sub-level transitions in modulation-doped Ge quantum dots are observed. The dot structure is grown by molecular-beam epitaxy, and consists of 30 periods of Ge quantum dots sandwiched by two 6 nm boron-doped Si layers. An absorption peak in the midinfrared range is observed at room temperature by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which is attributed to the transitions between th...

The conditions under which the band gaps of free standing and embedded semiconductor quantum dots are direct or indirect are discussed. Semiconductor quantum dots are classified into three categories; (i) free standing dots, (ii) dots embedded in a direct gap matrix, and (iii) dots embedded in an indirect gap matrix. For each category, qualitative predictions are first discussed, followed by th...

The ordering of quantum dots in three-dimensional quantum dot lattices is investigated by grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). Theoretical models describing GISAXS intensity distributions for three general classes of lattices of quantum dots are proposed. The classes differ in the type of disorder of the positions of the quantum dots. The models enable full structure determi...

In September 2015, Philips, an electronics company based in The Netherlands, unveiled a computer monitor that achieved a brilliant color display using quantum dots: semiconductor nanocrystals that can be tuned to glow in any color. The Philips monitor was the first of its kind, following on the heels of the television that uses quantum dots to enhance its backlighting—rolled out by Sony in 2013...

Self-assembled InAs quantum dots (QDs) were grown on germanium substrates by metal organic chemical vapor deposition technique. Effects of growth temperature and InAs coverage on the size, density, and height of quantum dots were investigated. Growth temperature was varied from 400 to 450 °C and InAs coverage was varied between 1.40 and 2.35 monolayers (MLs). The surface morphology and structur...

A one-step method for synthesizing water-soluble Ag(2)S quantum dots terminated with carboxylic acid group has been reported. The crystal structure and surface of the prepared Ag(2)S quantum dots were characterized. The prepared Ag(2)S quantum dots exhibited bright photoluminescence and excellent photostabilities. The photoluminescence emissions could be tuned from visible region to near-infrar...

Advances in nanotechnology have led to the development of novel fluorescent probes called quantum dots. Quantum dots have revolutionalized the processes of tagging molecules within research settings and are improving sentinel lymph node mapping and identification in vivo studies. As the unique physical and chemical properties of these fluorescent probes are being unraveled, new potential method...

The mouse immunoglobulin G (mouse IgG) as a kind of bio-molecule was labeled with two different luminescent colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), green-emitting CdTe quantum dots and red-emitting CdTe quantum dots in this work. As a result of the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the two different sizes nanoparticles with mouse IgG as the binding bridge, a significant ...