Neuroinflammation has been implicated in hypertension, and microglia have been proposed to play an important role in the progression of this disease. Here, we have studied whether microglia are activated within cardiovascular regulatory area(s) of the brain during hypertension, especially in high blood pressure that is associated with chronic activation of the renin-angiotensin-system. In addit...

Background: The renin-angiotensin system has an important role in hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Renin-angiotensin system blockade by angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors provides some protective effects against hepatic fibrogenesis. Captopril as an ACE inhibitor can decrease inflammatory mediators and attenuate hepatic fibrosis in the livers of bile duct ligated (BDL) rats. Object...

objective(s) four novel losartan analogues 5a-d were synthesized by connecting a dihydropyridine nucleus to imidazole ring. the effects of 5a and 5b on angiotensin receptors (at') and l-type calcium channels were investigated on isolated rat aorta. materials and methods aortic rings were pre-contracted with 1 pm angiotensin ii or 80 mm kcl and relaxant effects of losartan, nifedipine, 5a a...

The “classical” renin-angiotensin system is known to maintain blood pressure and body fluids. However, increased understanding of its individual components and their structures and regulatory mechanisms, and the convergence and crosstalk with related pathways has resulted in the appreciation of a much more complex system. Research has shown that the renin-angiotensin system is implicated in a w...

Current evidence suggests that angiotensin-(1-7) plays an important role in the regulation of tissue blood flow. This evidence, however, is restricted to studies in animals and human forearm. Therefore, we studied the effects of intrarenal angiotensin-(1-7) infusion on renal blood flow in hypertensive humans. To assess the influence of renin-angiotensin system activity, sodium intake was varied...

The renin-angiotensin system regulates cardiovascular physiology via angiotensin II engaging the angiotensin type 1 or type 2 receptors. Classic actions are type 1 receptor mediated, whereas the type 2 receptor may counteract type 1 receptor activity. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 metabolizes angiotensin II to angiotensin-(1-7) and angiotensin I to angiotensin-(1-9). Angiotensin-(1-7) antagon...