Tracking a mobile node using a wireless sensor network under non-line of sight (NLOS) conditions, has been considered in this work, which is of interest to indoor positioning applications. A hybrid of time difference of arrival (TDOA) and angle of arrival (AOA) measurements, suitable for tracking asynchronous targets, is exploited. The NLOS biases of the TDOA measurements and the position and v...

This paper presents a GPS multipath mitigation method using a dual circularly polarized antenna array and a multi-channel receiver. The method is based on the exploitation of both polarization and spatial diversity associated with a GPS signal and its multipath signals available at the receiver input. Conventional GPS antennas are right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) to suppress multipath con...

A mechanism for the positioning of mobile user location is presented in this paper. Based on the three-point problem from land surveying, this positioning mechanism makes use of network delay to estimate user locations by trigonometry and analytical geometry. Location-sensitive wireless services and applications can be provided without the need of obtaining access to the physical layer informat...

Subscriber radio location techniques are investigated for code-division multiple-access (CDMA) cellular networks. Two methods are considered for radio location: measured times of arrival (ToA) and angles of arrival (AoA). The ToA measurements are obtained from the code tracking loop in the CDMA receiver, and the AoA measurements at a base station (BS) are assumed to be made with an antenna arra...

A novel photonic-assisted system for realizing the simultaneous measurement of Doppler frequency shift (DFS) and angle arrival (AOA) is proposed. It a simplified structure that based on dual-polarization dual-drive Mach–Zehnder modulator (DPol-DDMZM). The DFS direction can be accurately determined by comparing phase relationship between upper lower low-frequency signal waveforms. An amplitude c...

TD-SCDMA is an innovative wireless radio standard for a physical layer 3G air interface, approved as one 3GPP standards by ITU in May 2000. Based on the unique advantages of the physical layer, this paper investigates network-based methods to obtain the angle of arrival (AOA) and time of arrival (TOA) via subspace tracking and channel impulsive estimation. By incorporating the spatial–temporal ...

Machine learning is a promising technique for angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation of waves impinging sensor array. However, the majority methods proposed so far only consider known, fixed number waves, i.e., sources (NOS). This paper proposes machine-learning-based estimator designed case when NOS variable and hence unknown priori. The comprises framework single-label classifiers. Each classifier...

In this paper we examine the geometrically constrained optimization approach to localization with hybrid bearing (angle of arrival, AOA) and time difference of arrival (TDOA) sensors. In particular, we formulate a constraint on the measurement errors which is then used along with constraint-based optimization tools in order to estimate the maximum likelihood values of the errors given an approp...

This article put forwards a simple microwave photonics measurement method for doppler frequency shift (DFS) and angle of arrival (AOA), which obtains the information conveniently precisely by comparing phase between two channels signals. The DFS direction can be judged more intuitively thanks to introduction reference signal. system uses parallel dual Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMs) carrier su...