The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of transrectal guidance of the ovaries by an assistant on operative time during bovine laparoscopic ovariectomy. Twenty four clinically healthy Holstein dairy cows were divided randomly into two groups. In the transrectal guidance group, an assistant grasped the ovaries via the transrectal route and pulled them to a position where the...

Animals play an important role in a wide range of tourism activities, and animal welfare is increasingly issue within the tourist industry. While there growing volume research on tourism, little work has been published academic literature how companies address welfare. This exploratory paper looks to add to, extend, that by providing review seven companies. have publicly addressed The reveals f...

Abstract There are many decision contexts in which we require accurate information on animal welfare, ethics, management, and policy. Unfortunately, of the methods currently used for estimating welfare these subjective unreliable, thus unlikely to be accurate. In this paper, I look at how might apply principled from science arrive more scores, will then help us making best decisions animals. co...

Information about animal welfare standards and initiatives from eight European countries was collected, grouped, and compared to EU welfare standards to detect those aspects beyond minimum welfare levels demanded by EU welfare legislation. Literature was reviewed to determine the scientific relevance of standards and initiatives, and those aspects going beyond minimum EU standards. Standards an...

Public attitudes toward animal welfare have improved with growing social affluence, and veterinarians are increasingly expected to be informed about animal welfare in a broader sense than health alone. However, animal welfare has not been a traditional component of the veterinary curriculum. To help address this lack, the World Society for the Protection of Animals(WSPA) and the University of B...

Introduction The pig producer is faced with many challenges when establishing new pig facilities today. Besides existing legislation, he must often take into consideration market requirements concerning contract production, neighbours and others and try to minimise the nuisances related to odour and transport of animals, etc. At the same time, the design of the housing facilities must be aimed ...

The European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM) has recently been established. The Centre will co-ordinate at Community level the validation of alternative test methods, maintain a database and act as a focal point for the exchange of information on alternative procedure, and carry out research and training. ECVAM aims to promote dialogue between legislators, industries, b...