wheat root and crown rot known as take-all disease caused by gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide. in iran,the disease has been reported from provinces such as markazi and golestan. in recent years, symptoms of the disease such as stunted and yellow plant, rotted roots and whitened/empty heads have been observed in wheat fields in various...

Trichoderma virens is a mycoparasitic fungus used in biocontrol of soilborne plant pathogens. It inhibits or kills plant-pathogenic fungi through production of antifungal antibiotics and parasitism of hyphae and sclerotia. Conidiation, or the production of asexual spores, an inducible process triggered by light or nutrient stress, is an important trait in survival and also development of formul...

One of the main obstacles to feeding world is fungal leaf spot disease, which has a negative impact on plants' photosynthetic areas and significantly lowers crop quality output. To manage fungi that pose serious hazard both humans environment, various chemical fungicides are utilized. The goal current study was determine whether local isolates three Trichoderma spp. (Trichoderma viride, harzian...

? Fine roots and mycorrhizal fungi may either stimulate leaf litter decomposition by providing free-living decomposers with root-derived carbon, or slow through nutrient competition between saprotrophic fungi. We reduced the presence of fine their associated in a northern hardwood forest New Hampshire, USA soil trenching. Plots spanned gradient from 96% arbuscular (AM) associations to 100% ecto...

The southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann) kills all pines within its range and is among the most important forest pest species in the US. Using a specialized mycangium surrounded by gland cells in the pronotum, adult females culture, transport, and inoculate two fungi into beetle galleries during oviposition. These fungal symbionts, to varying degrees, exclude antagonistic fu...

In soil, plant roots coexist with bacteria and fungi that produce siderophores capable of sequestering the available iron. Microbial cyanogenesis has been demonstrated in many species of fungi and in a few species of bacteria (e.g., Chromobacterium and Pseudomonas). Fluorescent Pseudomonas isolates P29, P59, P144, P166, P174, P187, P191 and P192 were cyanogenic and produced siderophores in the ...

Species of the fungal genus Trichoderma (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) are well-known for their production of various secondary metabolites. Nonribosomal peptides and polyketides represent a major portion of these products. In a recent phylogenomic investigation of Trichoderma polyketide synthase (PKS)-encoding genes, the pks4 from T. reesei was shown to be an orthologue of pigment-forming PKSs invo...

Trichoderma sp. is one of the endophytic fungi, which is produce toxic culturefiltrate against plant pathogen e.g plant parasitic nematode. Experiments were conducted to in vitro bioassays of the antagonistic effects of culturefiltrate produced by endophytic fungi Trichoderma sp. in different medium on mobility and mortality of Meloidogyne-J2. Three different medium of culturfiltrate were inves...