Fetal hydantoin syndrome (FHS) is a spectrum of defects caused to the developing fetus by exposure to the teratogenic effects of antiepileptic drug (AED) phenytoin during pregnancy. Its clinical manifestations include limb abnormalities, ocular defects, central nervous system anomalies, intrauterine growth restriction, and hand and phalangeal anomalies. This case report presents an 8-year-old c...

The value of video-electroencephalographic monitoring (EEG-VM) in evaluating patients with epileptic disorders constitutes a major research field. This study investigates the usefulness of inpatient long-term EEG-VM for pediatric neurology patients under four headings: pre-surgical evaluation; seizure classification; epileptic seizure and non-epileptic paroxysmal event differentiation; and anti...

Drugs can influence cognitive function in several different ways. The cognitive enhancers or nootropics have become a major issue in drug development during the last decade. Nootropics are defined as drugs that generally increase neuron metabolic activity, improve cognitive and vigilance level and are said to have antidementia effect (1). These drugs are essential for the treatment of geriatric...

To evaluate renal side-effects of anti-epileptic medication by valproate (VPA) and carbamazepine (CBZ), we performed a prospective study to assess renal tubular function by measuring N-acetyl-β glucosaminidase (NAG)/Cr activity index in epileptic children. The study was conducted on 112 children who were diagnosed with epilepsy (28 patients were observed before treatment with anti-epileptics, 2...

Objective: To investigate possible immunological humoral correlates in newly diagnosed adult-onset generalized tonic-clonic epilepsy among Iranian patients before and after sodium valproate treatment.   Patients and Methods: 72 adult patients with newly diagnosed idiopathic generalized tonic-clonic epilepsy were recruited. Serum antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-cardiolipin antibodies (aCL), a...