The bacterium that causes tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, possesses a rather unique outer membrane composed largely of lipids that possess long-chain and branched fatty acids, called mycolic acids. These lipids form a permeability barrier that prevents entry of many environmental solutes, thereby making these bacteria acid-fast and able to survive extremely hostile surroundings. Antit...

BACKGROUND Hypocholesterolemia is common among tuberculous patients and is associated with mortality in miliary cases. Some in vitro studies have shown that cholesterol is necessary for the good functioning of macrophages and lymphocytes. STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine whether a cholesterol-rich diet could accelerate sputum sterilization in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. DESIGN An 8-w...

Heterocyclic compounds make a very important branch of organic chemistry, and it has always been an interesting area study in medical chemistry. They are present variety drugs, vitamins biologically active compounds. Over two decades, 1,3,4-oxadiazoles have interest to chemists owing their diverse therapeutic potential; the studies focus mainly on principles combinatorial chemistry with broad s...

In this study, a case with tubercular choroiditis showing severe macular edema and progression of choroidal lesions following initiation of antitubercular treatment is presented and the management of posterior uveitis associated with tuberculosis is evaluated. A 40-year-old female patient was admitted with decreased vision in her right eye and her fundoscopic examination revealed serpiginous ch...

Despite being an ancient disease, tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading single-agent infectious disease killer in the world. The emerging serious problem of TB control and clinical management prompted us to synthesize a novel series of heterocyclic substituted diphenyl ether derivatives and determine their activity against the H37Rv strain of Mycobacterium. All ten compounds inhibited the growt...

Isoniazid (INH) is a first-line antitubercular drug. We report a case of a patient who developed a pleural effusion 2 months after starting antitubercular treatment for spinal tuberculosis. Isoniazid was found to be the culprit and its discontinuation caused subsidence of the effusion.

Poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) nanoparticles encapsulating three front-line antitubercular drugs, i.e. rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide, were prepared by the multiple emulsion technique and administered subcutaneously to mice for pharmacokinetic/chemotherapeutic study. A single subcutaneous dose of drug-loaded PLG nanoparticles resulted in sustained therapeutic drug levels in the pl...