Pipe elbows (bends) are considered critical pressurized components in the piping systems and pipelines due to their stress intensification effect of bend curvature. They prone hence more exposed different corrosion failure modes than straight pipes. Late detection such elbow damages can lead dangerous emergency situations which cause environmental disasters, pollution, substantial consumer loss...

In this research, stress-oriented hydrogen induced cracking (SOHIC) test was carried out on a 50 mm thickness of commercial API 5L X70 steel plate. The evolution microscopic features such as phase, boundary, interface, grain, and crystallographic data analyzed before after SOHIC, in order to comprehend the effect orientation SOHIC propagation. Chemical composition previous thermomechanical proc...

a proposed method for protecting carbon steel and hence reducing iron release in an aqueous solution saturated with h2s is presented in this paper. the method is based on forming a stable and resistant sulfide layer (pyrite, fes2, or pyrrhotite, fe(1-x)s, phase or a mixture of both) on the carbon steel surface. the study on the formation of the sulfide layer was carried out considering the effe...

American Petroleum Institute (API) specifications for line pipes include several steel grades with wide range of mechanical properties and chemical composition. Almost all, large diameter pipes produced in the Kingdom conform to these specifications and the present demand of this market segment reaches to about 300,000 tons annually. Until recently, all material used in the Kingdom under these ...