BACKGROUND In view of increasing attention focused on patient safety and the need to reduce laboratory errors, it is important that clinical laboratories collect statistics on error occurrence rates over the whole testing cycle, including pre-, intra-, and postanalytical phases. METHODS The present study was conducted in 2006 according to the design we previously used in 1996 to monitor the e...

The CTLA Trunk Formula Method is an industry-standard tool for appraising large trees. The goal of this study was to measure its precision in the field and to look for possible ways to improve the formula or its implementation. Fourteen certified arborists independently appraised the same ten trees, and the results of their appraisals were analyzed. This study focused on the attributes of Trunk...

Investment appraisal techniques are an integral part of many traditional capital budgeting processes. However, the adoption of Information Systems (IS) and the development of resulting infrastructures are being increasingly viewed on the basis of consumption. Consequently, decision-makers are now moving away from the confines of rigid capital budgeting processes, which have traditionally compar...

BACKGROUND Effective performance appraisal systems can not only motivate employees to improve performance but also be important for the performance of organizations. However, the appraisal systems in civil services called the Annual Confidential Report (ACR) systems can be ineffective and do not contribute to employees' learning and development. With this background, the current study aimed at ...

Mounting evidence for response shifts in quality of life (QOL) appraisal indicates the need to include direct measurement of the appraisal process itself as a necessary part of QOL assessment. We propose that directly assessing QOL appraisal processes will not only improve our ability to interpret QOL scores in the traditional sense, but will also yield a deeper understanding of the appraisal p...

The main purpose of this study was to figure out employees’ attitudes toward the new performance appraisal program and to examine whether three different types of appraisal processes differentially affected job satisfaction and employee engagement. The second purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between performance appraisal reform, job satisfaction, and employee engagement...

Literature in organizational justice suggest that organizational fairness in decision making processes may encourage employees’ acceptance of and positive reaction to many organizational decisions including decision in human resource interventions such as performance appraisal system. This study seeks to understand how perceived fairness in the performance appraisal process affects employees’ s...

In real estate appraisal, especially of residential buildings, one the primary evaluation parameters is property’s usable area. When determining property price, Polish appraisers use data from comparable transactions included in Real Estate Price Register (REPR), which highly incomplete, regarding properties’ areas. This incompleteness renders identification challenging and may lead to incorrec...

background recently there has been a significant increase in the number of systematic reviews addressing questions of prevalence. key features of a systematic review include the creation of an a priori protocol, clear inclusion criteria, a structured and systematic search process, critical appraisal of studies, and a formal process of data extraction followed by methods to synthesize, or combin...