This paper documents the research towards the development of a system based on Artificial Neural Networks to predict muscle force patterns of an athlete during cycling. Two independent inverse problems must be solved for the force estimation: evaluation of the kinematic model and evaluation of the forces distribution along the limb. By solving repeatedly the two inverse problems for different s...

A strong link between body perception and emotional experience has been proposed. To examine the interaction between body perception and anticipatory anxiety, two well-established paradigms were combined: The rubber hand illusion (RHI) and the threat-of-shock paradigm. An artificial hand and the participants' own hand (hidden from sight) were touched synchronously or asynchronously, while eithe...

R ecently, there have been several media reports on advanced multifunction upper limb prostheses, often hyped as “the mind-controlled artificial hands” [1]. Advanced signal processing of the electromyogram (EMG) signal and innovative surgical procedures, such as the targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) and targeted sensory reinnervation (TSR), are the driving forces behind these achievements. No...

we have produced a spectrum of limb defects in developing mouse embryos by exposing the mother to smoke from cigarettes with different nicotine concentrations, ethanol, and a combination of ethanol and cigarette smoke. the critical time of exposure was determined to be during day 10 of gestation (vaginal plug=day 0). this time is prior to the critical events which occur between the apical ectod...

1 Acting Director, Prosthetic and Sensory Aids Service, U.S. Veterans Administration, Washington 25, D.C. THE limbs of m a n move in space and t ime, in response to systems of internal and external forces, and in accordance wi th the laws of mechanics. To restore to any satisfactory extent the functions lost through amputa t ion of an ext remi ty therefore requires in t imate knowledge not only...

Designing a system to drive and control the motion of an artificial upper limb becomes more complex as the number of active axes of the arm increases. At present total upper limb prostheses have generally not more than three active joints (elbow, wrist and hand) which are directly driven by a couple of myoelectric signals. In general the joints are activated, one at a time with a sequence chose...

Human arm is one of the most sophisticated biological limbs known in a wildlife, capable to accomplish the most different and delicate sensory-motor tasks such as for example, lifting and carrying of payload, precise manipulation, symbolic gesticulation up to a fine sensitivity and tactile perception, pressure feeling, texture, temperature, moisture, fluid stream sensing, etc. A human arm with ...

purpose: microgravity causes major changes in various systems of the body in space, such as shift in cerebrospinal fluid, decreased red blood cells count, and electrolyte loss. these complications are very important in space and we should find new approaches to prevent the side effects of microgravity in astronauts. materials and methods: this experimental study was conducted on 21 adult male r...

While the prosthetic systems for hands amputation are fairly common, the active prostheses for the other joints of the upper limb are rarer. In addition to commercial reasons undoubtedly related to the low number of trans-humeral amputations than the hands amputations and to the exiguous number of shoulder disarticulation, technical reasons are also crucial. Among which, the electro-mechanical ...