Recent theoretical investigations (M. Beneke et al 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 1914) of two-body hadronic B decays have provided justification, at least to order α s , for the use of the factorization ansatz to evaluate the B decay matrix elements provided the decay meson containing the spectator quark is not heavy. Although data is now available on many charmless two-body B decay channels, it is ...

excellent decay length resolution of the CCD vertex detector. The B or B̄ production flavor is determined by exploiting the large forward-backward asymmetry of polarized Z → bb decays. This flavor tag is enhanced by incorporating additional information from the hemisphere opposite that of the reconstructed B decay. The B d − B̄ d mixing analysis uses the charge of high momentum kaons to identify ...

In this article some issues about the theory of societal complexity are explained: what are complex societal problems and how should these be handled. The problem of climate change is used as an illustration. The Compram methodology is a methodology based on the theory of societal complexity that gives guidelines to handle real life complex societal problems such as climate change. Handling acc...

OBJECTIVES To provide an overview of the benefits of clinical data collected as a by-product of the care process, the potential problems with large aggregations of these data, the policy frameworks that have been formulated, and the major challenges in the coming years. METHODS This report summarizes some of the major observations from AMIA and IMIA conferences held on this admittedly broad t...