as a result of rule of law ideal, judges are required to act in accordance with laws. the ideal is justified by some political values: political liberty, legal liberty , personal liberty and equality. citizens are subject only to the law not to the arbitrary will or judgment of another who wields coercive government power. but in some cases law is indeterminate. in these cases there is an impor...

Some difficulties emerging during the construction of fuzzy behaviour-based control structures are inherited from the type of the applied fuzzy reasoning. The fuzzy rule base requested for many classical reasoning methods needed to be complete. In case of fetching fuzzy rules directly from expert knowledge e.g. for the behaviour coordination module, the way of building a complete rule base is n...

This paper demonstrates the enhancement in ;maintainability made possible by introducing metal-level control architectures to production systems. We msess t h e amount of eflort expended in upgrading a rule base through the range referred to b y maintenance staff f o r d e base upgrading. The rule base of an Intelligent C A I System currently in operation that employs the raeta-level control ar...

The effects of erosion, avalanching and random precipitation are captured in a simple stochastic partial differential equation for modelling the evolution of river networks. Our model leads to a self-organized structured landscape and to abstraction and piracy of the smaller tributaries as the evolution proceeds. An algebraic distribution of the average basin areas and a power law relationship ...

A triaxial constitutive model is developed for elastoplastic behavior of geomaterials, which accounts for tensile damage. The constitutive setting is formulated in the framework of continuum thermodynamics using internal variables. The interaction of elastic damage and plastic flow is examined with the help of very simple constitutive assumptions: (i) a Drucker-Prager yield function is used to ...

We present a specialized network simplex algorithm for the budget-constrained minimum cost flow problem, which is an extension of the traditional minimum cost flow problem by a second kind of costs associated with each edge, whose total value in a feasible flow is constrained by a given budget B. We present a fully combinatorial description of the algorithm that is based on a novel incorporatio...

Rule-based systems are a commonly accepted solution for smoothly capturing the context-dependent and time-dependent organizational knowledge of large enterprises, also known as business policies. At the same time, however, the design of rule-based applications is one of the most pressing open research problems. This is largely because of the expressive power and flexibility of existing rule-bas...

Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) process is a vital unit to produce gasoline. In this research, a feed forward ANN model was developed and trained with industrial data to investigate the effect of operating variables containing reactor temperature feed flow rate, the temperature of the top of the main column and the temperature of the bottom of the debutanizer tower on quality and quantity of...

The rule 184 fuzzy cellular automaton is regarded as a mathematical model of traffic flow because it contains the two fundamental models, and Burgers equation, special cases. We show that diagram (flux–density diagram) this consists three parts: free-flow part, congestion part two-periodic part. which may correspond to synchronized mode region, two-dimensional area in diagram, boundary parts. p...