The Rise of Specialization, and Destruction and Rehabilitation. Particularly impressive are the fine illustrations, the plans, the maps, and the "Rules and Orders of the Public Infirmary at Manchester, 1752" printed as an appendix. There is a good index. The volume on the Mount Sinai Hospital of New York is equally well organized and illustrated and proceeds in a warm, narrative style to tell t...

FUNK [1914], SEIDELL [1921] and others applied chemical methods in order to determine the structure of the antineuritic vitamin. Their efforts to isolate these mysterious substances were not perfectly successful and therefore we do not wonder that nothing is known as yet of the metabolism of these factors. However, recently some experiments have been made to examine the excretion of antineuriti...

The History 1995 was an exciting year for the field of apoptosis. In that year, Nicholson et alo purified a protease that cleaves poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a protein that was known to be cleaved during apoptosis (Nicholson et al., 1995; Kaufmann et al., 1993). The cDNA encoding this protease, Apopaln, turned out to be the same as CPP32, a cDNA that was cloned in the previous year by ...

To add to the chorus of praise by referring to my own experience would be of little interest, but I am in no way forgetting the facilities for work provided by the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES) for so many years, particularly the constantly renewed opportunities for meetings and exchanges. While there have been some difficult times, there is no point in dwelling on them. One o...

When we were invited to comment on an empirical discourse analytic article that had been accepted for publication by the British Journal of Developmental Psychology, our initial reaction was one of astonishment. We found it hard to believe that any social constructionist researchers in developmental psychology would be sufficiently courageous (or perhaps foolhardy) to submit their work to a jou...

I recently saw an old friend for the first time in many years. We had been Ph.D. students at the same time, both studying science, although in different areas. She later dropped out of graduate school, went to Harvard Law School and is now a senior lawyer for a major environmental organization. At some point, the conversation turned to why she had left graduate school. To my utter astonishment,...

This paper is an intervention in the debate on Big Data or the digital. Recognising the importance of engaging with what has become known as Big Data, I seek to re-situate the Big Data issue in a different perspective and to disrupt the debate around it. The paper shows that the call to fully and inventively engage with the digital, or Big Data, is a strategic response which can be construed as...

WHEN I first embarked on the preparation of this address it was with the idea that Spencer Wells was the key figure in the development of ovariotomy-the operation for removal of an ovarian cyst. Possibly this may be true, but I soon discovered how much credit must be given to other workers in this field. It all began in 1809. It was in that year that a courageous woman-Jane Crawford-submitted t...

“W our fi rst encounter with some object surprises us and we fi nd it novel or very different from what we formerly knew or from what we supposed it ought to be, this causes us to wonder and be astonished at it,” wrote 17th-century philosopher René Descartes in his Passions of the Soul. Indeed, astonishment awaits anyone who views for the fi rst time the work of Giuseppe Arcimboldi, Milanese pa...

T he bulletins from the nation’s therapeutic frontiers continue to read like the casualty reports from a lost war. At least once or twice a year, yet another pharmaceutical company or regulatory agency or biomedical journal releases yet another melancholic communiqué on the terrible effects of a drug that previously had been thought to be the greatest advance in medicine since aspirin or penici...