In this study, functional and numerical response tests, which are important components in the selection of biological control agent, were carried out. trials, amount food consumed, attack rate (a) handling time (Th) calculated for each developmental period, depending on number preys given after 24 hours. The obtained results evaluated with Holling. experiments, development predator insect was e...

Parapatrically distributed taxa pose a challenge for species delimitation due to the presence of gene flow and inherent arbitrariness exactly defining boundaries in such systems. We tackled problem parapatric pair Melitaea butterflies using two popular genomic methods—double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD) target enrichment. compared newly generated enrichment dataset ...

This study was designed to investigate the antifungal activity of a hydroalcoholic extract from Flos Rosae Chinensis (FRC) combined with fluconazole (FCZ) against clinical isolates of Candida albicans resistant to FCZ. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of FRC was determined using a checkerboard microdilution assay. The synergistic effects of the combination of FRC and FCZ against clini...

RL, a traditional remedy for Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), comprises two edible herbs, Rosae Multiflorae Fructus and Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. We have reported that RL could inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators in immune cells. Here we investigated the effects and the mechanism of action of RL in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. RL significantly increased food intake and weight g...

Subterranean ecosystems harbor globally rare fauna and important water resources, but ecological processes are poorly understood and are threatened by anthropogenic stresses. Ecosystem analyses were conducted from 1997 to 2000 in Cave Springs Cave, Arkansas, situated in a region of intensive land use, to determine the degree of habitat degradation and viability of endangered fauna. Organic matt...

The ability of aphids to detect and find sieve tubes suggests that aphids receive cues for sieve-tube recognition by taking samples. Specific natural conditions such as pH value, sugar species and concentration, viscosity, and oxygen pressure may enable sieve-tube detection. We tested the preference of Megoura viciae and Myzus persicae for potential plant-borne orientation parameters in artific...