Sea ice exhibits considerable seasonal and longerterm variations in extent, concentration, thickness, and age, and is characterized by a complex and continuously changing distribution of floe sizes and thicknesses, particularly in the marginal ice zone (MIZ). Models of sea ice used in current climate models keep track of its concentration and of the distribution of ice thicknesses, but do not a...

Fracture has always been a serious concern in the design and repair of steel structures such as ships. Because of these concerns, much research has been ongoing in the causes of fractures and in ways which they could be predicted and thus prevented. The objective of this study was to flnd, test and evaluate a method for measuring tht:: critical strain energy density with tensile specimens. Plas...

In the present study, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the dissimilar welding between ASTM A335 low alloy steel and ER309L austenitic stainless steel were investigated using the gas tungsten arc welding process. The welding of dissimilar materials between ASTM A335 low alloy steel and ER309L austenitic stainless steel was found to have a significant effect on the microstructure w...

In this paper, we retrieved relative source time functions (RSTF) and estimated the source parameters for microearthquakes (M= -1.9 to -2.6) induced by hydraulic injection at Fenton Hill, New Mexico, using an empirical Green's function (EGF) method. Seismic waveform of a small event in seismic doublets or multiplets (Gelle and Meuller, 1980), defined as co-located events with similar focal mech...

A new model accounts for crystal growth patterns and internal textures in quartz cement in sandstone fractures, including massive sealing deposits, thin rinds or veneers that line open fracture surfaces, and bridge structures that span otherwise open fractures. High-resolution cathodoluminescence imaging of bridge structures and massive sealing deposits indicates that they form in association w...

Objective: To determine the efficacy in treatment of vertically unstable sacral fractures with pelvic external fixation and skeletal traction. Patients and Methods: The pelvic external fixation and skeletal traction were applied on 12 cases of vertically unstable sacral fracture (eight males and four females, at age of 19 52 years, mean 35.2 years) including two cases of Denis Zone I, nine of Z...

A mode-dependent embedded-process-zone (EPZ) model has been developed and used to simulate the mixed-mode fracture of plastically deforming adhesive joints. Mode-I and mode-II fracture parameters obtained from previous work have been combined with a mixed-mode failure criterion to provide quantitative predictions of the deformation and fracture of mixed-mode geometries. These numerical calculat...