We report a novel method for covering a substrate with highly-oriented single crystalline hexagonal zinc structures under atmospheric pressure and room temperature without an external source of electric current, any templates or the use of epitaxial growth on the substrate.

Seasonal prediction with dynamical models of El Niño events, and the associated changes in the Southern Oscillation and atmospheric circulation, has been an area of intense interest and effort for more than two decades. The early experimental forecasts of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events (Cane and Zebiak 1985; Cane et al. 1986; Zebiak and Cane 1987; Battisti and Hirst 1989; Kleeman 19...

The early history of the atmospheric neutrino anomaly is closely tied to the growth of grand unified theories. Grand unified theories inspired the experimental search for proton decay which led to large well shielded detectors. The primary background to proton decay was due to atmospheric neutrinos so they were studied in some detail. Neutrino oscillations figured prominently at the first works...

Atmospheric rivers (ARs) have, in recent years, been recognized as the cause of the largemajority of major floods in rivers all along the U.S. West Coast and as the source of 30%–50% of all precipitation in the same region. The present study surveys the frequencywith whichARs have played a critical role as a common cause of the end of droughts on the West Coast. This question was based on the o...

A method based on a statistical approach of estimating uncertainty in simulating the transport and dispersion of atmospheric pollutants is developed using observations and modeling results from a tracer experiment in the complex terrain of the southwestern USA. The method takes into account the compensating nature of the error components by representing all terms, except dispersion error and va...

New observations with atmospheric neutrinos from the underground experiments SuperKamiokande, Soudan 2, and MACRO, together with earlier results from Kamiokande and IMB, are reviewed. The most recent observations reconfirm aspects of atmospheric flavor content and of zenith angle distributions which appear anomalous in the context of null oscillations. The anomalous trends, exhibited with high ...

BACKGROUND Japan has four seasons and many chances of low atmospheric pressure or approaches of typhoon, therefore it has been empirically known that the fluctuation of weather induces migraine in people. Generally, its mechanism has been interpreted as follows: physical loading, attributed by atmospheric pressure to human bodies, compresses or dilates human blood vessels, which leads to abnorm...

As an air pollutant is transported from a source to a potential receptor the pollutant disperses into the surrounding air so that it arrives at a much lower concentration than it was on leaving the source. Strict environmental regulations worldwide resulted in an ever growing concern about the validity and reliability of air quality dispersion models. The present work is a try to evaluate the a...

[1] We have analyzed observations of clear-sky top-of-atmosphere outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) measured by the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES). These measurements were obtained during March 2005 at night and over the ocean and cover latitudes from 70 N to 70 S. First, we compare the OLR measurements to OLR calculated from two radiative transfer models. The models use as...

Co-Investigators, University of Michigan: Natasha Andronova, Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences Krzysztof J. Fidkowski, Aerospace Engineering Bruce Fryxell, Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences Tamas I. Gombosi, Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences Eric Johnsen, Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics Smadar Karni, Mathematics Carolyn C. Kuranz, Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sc...