The atmospheric effects of soot aerosols include interference with radiative transfer, visibility impairment, and alteration of cloud formation and are highly sensitive to the manner by which soot is internally mixed with other aerosol constituents. We present experimental studies to show that soot particles acquire a large mass fraction of sulfuric acid during atmospheric aging, considerably a...

in recent years, extraction of atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles from thermal bands of satellite images is a common practice. the most deployed images for this task have been acquired by moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (modis). this sensor which is onboard of terra and aqua platforms consists of a spectroradiometer with 36 bands in visible (vis), near infra-red (nir) u...

We study the limit case corresponding to a model introduced by G L Stenchi kov and A Robock for the evolution of the temperature of an atmospheric column in ausence of humidity The model envolves a degenerate non coercive quasilinear equation The di usion coe cient depends of the atmospheric stability and vanishes on the stable regions We show the existence and uniqueness of a suitable class of...

Evaluation of the forcing of climate by aerosol scattering of shortwave radiation in cloud-free conditions (direct aerosol forcing) requires knowledge of aerosol optical properties on relevant spatial and temporal scales. It is convenient to measure these properties at the surface. However, before these measurements can be used to quantitatively estimate direct climate forcing, it is necessary ...

[1] Recent studies have found contradicting results on whether tropical atmospheric circulation (TAC) has intensified or weakened in recent decades. Here we reinvestigate recent changes in TAC derived from moisture transports into the tropics using high temporal and spatial resolution reanalyses from ERA‐Interim. We found a significant strengthening of both the lower‐level inward transports and...

Results 342 of the patients were male and 42 were female. Mean age was 21.9±0.5 years old. Month (p=0.563), season (p=0.264) and weather (p=0.327) were not associated with the occurrence rate of SPM. Mean temperatures, mean humidity, mean wind velocities of SPM occurrence day and non-occurrence day were 12.4±10.5°C : 12.8±10.5° C (p=0.504), 61.8±15.5% : 60.9±15.0% (p=0.372), 2.6±1.0m/s : 2.6±2....

Ozone (O3) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) volume fractions were calculated using the Master Mechanism (MM) model, author S. Madronich (NCAR, Boulder, CO, USA). MM is an atmospheric “box” model program for calculating the time evolution of atmospheric composition from initial amounts of atmospheric gases under chosen or varying conditions using reaction rate data and other physicochemical paramete...

A new system for atmospheric measurements in the lower troposphere has been developed and successfully tested. The presented Small Unmanned Meteorological Observer (SUMO) is based on a light-weighted commercially available model airplane, equipped with an autopilot and meteorological sensors for temperature, humidity and pressure. During the 5 week field campaign FLOHOF (Flow over and around Ho...

This paper investigates the influence of soil moisture on the development and triggering of convection in different early-morning atmospheric conditions. A one-dimensional model of the atmospheric boundary layer (BL) is initialized with atmospheric sounding data from Illinois and with the soil moisture set to either extremely wet (saturated) or extremely dry (20% of saturation) conditions. Two ...

The MAGIC telescopes in La Palma, Canary Islands, measure the Cherenkov light emitted by gamma ray-induced extended air showers in the atmosphere. The good knowledge of the atmospheric parameters is important, both for the correct and safe operations of the telescopes, but also for subsequent data analysis. A weather station measures the state variables of the atmosphere, temperature, humidity ...