AIM To investigate the factors associated with the functional progress of hospitalized patients following an intensive care admission. METHODS Retrospective study including data from a cohort of 198 hospitalized patients following an intensive care admission and not requiring mechanical ventilation in a single tertiary referral hospital. A generalized linear model was used to identify the mai...

Recently, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) published the new draft guideline on the pharmacokinetic and clinical evaluation of modified release (MR) formulations. The draft guideline contains the new requirement of performing multiple dose (MD) bioequivalence studies, in the case when the MR formulation is expected to show 'relevant' drug accumulation at steady state (SS). This new requireme...

BACKGROUND Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) provides relevant data about blood pressure over a 24-h period. The analysis of parameters to determine the blood pressure profile from these data is of great importance. OBJECTIVES To calculate areas under systolic and diastolic blood pressure curves (SBP-AUC/DBP-AUC) and compare with systolic and diastolic blood pressure load (SBPL/DBPL...

Metabolite in safety testing has been proposed for toxicity assessments. The question of how exposure of the synthetic metabolite compared with that of the formed metabolite was appraised kinetically by using physiologically based pharmacokinetic models, the (traditional) physiological model (TM), and segregated flow (SFM) models. The SFM differs from the TM and describes a partial (approximate...

Tissue-engineering (TE) efforts for ear reconstruction often fail due to mechanical incompetency. It is therefore key for successful auricular cartilage (AUC) TE to ensure functional competency, that is, to mimic the mechanical properties of the native ear tissue. A review of past attempts to engineer AUC shows unsatisfactory functional outcomes with various cell-seeded biodegradable polymeric ...

OBJECTIVES Gastrointestinal side-effects caused by mycophenolic acid (MPA) are frequent in liver transplant recipients, and in these cases a switch from two to three daily doses is usually recommended. However, a limited sampling strategy for the estimation of MPA area under the curve from 0 to 8 hours (AUC(0-8h)) has not been made. DESIGN AND METHODS In 22 liver transplant patients who were ...

PURPOSE To assess the accuracy of noninvasive 3.0 T (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) in an experimental steatosis model for the discrimination of clinically relevant macrovesicular steatosis degrees and to evaluate three different (1)H-MR spectrum-based fat quantification methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS Steatosis was induced in rats by a methionine/choline-deficient diet for 0-5...

This study presents an application of the piecewise rational quadratic interpolant to the AUC calculation in the bioavailability study. The objective of this work is to find an area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) for multiple doses of salbutamol sulfate sustained release tablets (Ventolin oral tablets SR 8 mg, GSK, Pakistan) in the group of 24 healthy adults by using computatio...