OBJECTIVE To review what the literature says about reading abilities of children on the autism spectrum (autism spectrum disorders, ASD) as well as to assess the results of intervention proposals. The broad ASD diagnosis used in the last decades and the resulting changes in the prevalence of these disorders have led to a relevant increase in the number of children diagnosed with ASD in the scho...

background  autistic spectrum disorder (asd) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. there is a large quantity of evidence which point towards a positive correlation between autism and mitochondrial disorders (md). in addition to that, several published reports, indicate that people with neurological disorders exhibit pathological signs of mitochondrial disorders and vice versa. screening for underly...

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are highly heterogeneous neuropsychiatric disorders, that frequently co-occur. This study examined whether stratification into single-incidence (SPX) and multi-incidence (MPX) is helpful in (a) parsing heterogeneity and (b) detecting overlapping and unique underpinnings of the disorders. ASD and ADHD traits were...

Small noncoding RNAs play a critical role in regulating messenger RNA throughout brain development and when altered could have profound effects leading to disorders such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We assessed small noncoding RNAs, including microRNA and small nucleolar RNA, in superior temporal sulcus association cortex and primary auditory cortex in typical and ASD brains from early c...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder that manifests itself within an individual through cognitive, social, and academic deficits. As is true for all spectrum disorders, each individual may experience a range of deficits with varying severity. Many students with autism spectrum disorder experience difficulty in some area of communication. The Picture Exchange Communication S...

Although autism is considered to be one of the most highly heritable psychiatric disorders, molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis remain largely unresolved. A strong genetic component underlying autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been firmly established from various lines of studies ranging from whole genome scans to genetic association studies. Recent genomic advances have led to s...

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) encompass a range of neurodevelopmental conditions that are clinically and etiologically very heterogeneous. ASD is currently diagnosed entirely on behavioral criteria, but intensive research efforts are focused on identifying biological markers for disease risk and early diagnosis. Here, we discuss recent progress toward identifying biological markers for ASD an...

A link has been suggested between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and anxiety disorders. The aim of the study was to examine the severity of social anxiety measured by the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale Self-Report and prevalence of Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) in adults with ASD, with SAD and a non-ASD comparison group. Individuals with ASD showed significantly higher scores of social anxiety ...

background: it is believed that environmental and genetic factors may be responsible for autism. methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (mthfr) and its gene polymorphisms have been shown to be implicated as risk factors in autism. objectives: to analyze mthfr c677t polymorphism (rs1801133) in autistic patients. materials and methods: this study was carried out in 2014 and 2015 in northern iran. on...

background: classroom behaviors are disturbed in autistic students because of their repetitive, restlessness, and disruptive behaviors. this study aimed to examine the impacts of sitting on a ball, cushion, and/or common chair on classroom behavior of four students with autism spectrum disorder (asd). methods : four children with autism participated in this single-subject study. students’ behav...