Background: The 2019 SAR COV- 2 outbreak ushered and made the term ‘contactless’ a new normal for most businesses as mitigation measure to risky coronavirus exposure. Similarly, there are several exposure scenarios in higher education where contact poses threat. One of which is handling marking essay scripts from assignments, task, research outputs more. An invaluable worth considering inclusio...

Ethical considerations, including transparency, play an important role when using artificial intelligence (AI) in education. Explainable AI has been coined as a solution to provide more insight into the inner workings of algorithms. However, carefully designed user studies on how design explanations for education are still limited. The current study aimed identify effect automated essay scoring...

Latent Semantic Analysis, when used for automated essay grading, makes use of document word count vectors for scoring the essays against domain knowledge. Words in the domain knowledge documents and essays are counted, and Singular Value Decomposition is undertaken to reduce the dimensions of the semantic space. Near neighbour vector cosines and other variables are used to calculate an essay sc...

Automated Assessment has a long tradition in technologyenhanced learning, however, in the recent years with a refreshing interest in evaluating free texts with respect to their content, i.e. the semantic of the text. While .LRN does not yet provide an automated essay scoring module, there is a plethora of (commercial) tools available in the market, many of them based on latent semantic analysis...

Since its 1947 founding, ETS has conducted and disseminated scientific research to support its products and services, and to advance the measurement and education fields. In keeping with these goals, ETS is committed to making its research freely available to the professional community and to the general public. Published accounts of ETS research, including papers in the ETS Research Report ser...

As part of its nonprofit mission, ETS conducts and disseminates the results of research to advance quality and equity in education and assessment for the benefit of ETS's constituents and the field. To obtain a PDF or a print copy of a report, please visit: Abstract This paper proposes an alternative content measure for essay scoring, based on the difference in the relative frequency of a word ...