introduction: hearing loss occurs when there is a problem with one or more parts of the ear or ears and causes children to have a delay in the language-learning process. hearing loss affects children's lives and their development. several approaches have been developed over recent decades to help hearing-impaired children develop language skills. auditory-verbal therapy (avt) is one such a...

Adult zebra finches (T. guttata) form socially monogamous pair bonds characterized by proximity, vocal communication, and contact behaviors. In this experiment, we tested whether manipulations of the nonapeptide hormone arginine vasotocin (AVT, avian homolog of vasopressin) and the V1a receptor (V1aR) early in life altered species-typical pairing behavior in adult zebra finches of both sexes. A...

Audiovisual Translation (AVT) is translating multimodal text from the source language into target language. The study concerned with AVT fansubbing translation analysis of English-Arabic abbreviation forms found in (fifth state) movie. researchers selected three translations produced by fansubbers abovementioned Moreover, it hypothesized that amateur whose were chosen for are expected to reach ...

The luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) as energy harvesting window is an emerging technology in the realm of building integrated photovoltaics. Using recent advancement for assessing balance between transmitted color quality and potential electricity generation, this paper optimizes theoretical luminophore absorption spectra highest power generation possible. conversion efficiencies (PCE) are...

Extraretinal photoreceptors located within the medio-basal hypothalamus regulate the photoperiodic control of seasonal reproduction in birds. An action spectrum for this response describes an opsin photopigment with a λmax of ∼ 492 nm. Beyond this however, the specific identity of the photopigment remains unresolved. Several candidates have emerged including rod-opsin; melanopsin (OPN4); neurop...

Agonistic behavior has shaped sociality across evolution. Though extremely diverse in types of displays and timing, agonistic encounters always follow the same conserved phases (evaluation, contest and post-resolution) and depend on homologous neural circuits modulated by the same neuroendocrine mediators across vertebrates. Among neuromodulators, serotonin (5-HT) is the main inhibitor of aggre...

The neurohypophyseal hormone arginine vasotocin (AVT) mediates behavioral and reproductive plasticity in vertebrates, and has been linked to the behavioral changes associated with protogyny in the bluehead wrasse (Thalassoma bifasciatum). In this study, we sequenced full-length cDNAs encoding two distinct V1a-type AVT receptors (v1a1 and v1a2) from the bluehead wrasse, and examined variation in...

PGE(2) is a well-known inhibitor of the antidiuretic hormone-induced increase of osmotic water permeability (OWP) in different osmoregulatory epithelia; however, the mechanisms underlying this effect of PGE(2) are not completely understood. Here, we report that, in the frog Rana temporaria urinary bladder, EP(1)-receptor-mediated inhibition of arginine-vasotocin (AVT)-induced OWP by PGE(2) is a...

This chapter reviews research on amphibians, focusing on questions about the hormonal mechanisms that regulate reproductive behaviors. In the roughskin newt (Taricha granulosa) and other amphibians, reproductive behaviors are activated and maintained by the usual set of sex steroid hormones—testosterone, 5αdihydrotestosterone, and 17β-estradiol. Sex steroids appear to act on the brain and activ...