Subarachnoid space (SAS) around optic nerve can be visible with swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). However, the relevant factors for its visibility and width have not been reported. In this prospective study, 193 eyes with high myopia were evaluated by SS-OCT. The relationship between age, gender, axial length, optic disc area, parapapillary atrophy (PPA) area, peripapillary ch...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to describe the design, methods, and baseline characteristics of children enrolled in the Personalized Addition lenses Clinical Trial (PACT). PACT aims to test the myopia control efficacy of progressive addition lenses (PALs) with personalized addition values compared with standard (+2.00 D) addition PALs and single vision lenses (SVLs). METHODS PACT is a ...

Myopia is a common ocular disorder characterized by refractive error affecting 30% of general population. High myopia (>6D) is caused by excessive axial elongation that primarily involves the ora-equatorial area and the posterior pole. Pathological myopia often accompanied by glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration, and retinal detachment, gradually leading to vision loss. Recent population a...

PURPOSE In myopia, biometry including the axial length is important, along with the refractive data. We compared the rates of myopic regression 3 years after phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) implantation and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) after matching the preoperative axial length in highly myopic eyes of Japanese patients. METHODS This retrospective nonrandomized study included 133 eye...

PURPOSE To analyze the mechanisms of myopia in Cohen syndrome (Mendelian Inheritance in Man [MIM] no. 216550). METHODS A cross-sectional study of 22 Finnish patients (age range, 2-57 years) with Cohen syndrome, which maps to chromosome 8q22, was undertaken to record cycloplegic refraction, keratometry (corneal power and radius of curvature), biometry (anterior chamber depth [ACD], lens thickn...

PURPOSE To evaluate the characteristics of the posterior corneal surface in patients with high myopia before cataract surgery. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study at the Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Corneal astigmatism and axial length were measured with a rotating Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam) and partial coherence interferometry (IOLMaster) in a high-m...

PURPOSE In animal models, it has been shown that the retina can use the defocus of the projected image to control emmetropization. Glucagon may be involved in the sign of defocus detection, at least in chickens. Since glucagon and insulin often have opposite effects in metabolic pathways, the effect of insulin on eye growth was investigated. METHODS Chicks were treated with either positive or...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the degree of axial elongation with soft radial refractive gradient (SRRG) contact lenses, orthokeratology (OK), and single vision (SV) spectacle lenses (control) during a period of 1 year before treatment and 2 years after treatment. METHODS This was a prospective, longitudinal, nonrandomized study. The study groups consisted of 30, 29, and 41 children, respectively. Th...

Extracellular matrix proteins have been implicated in protein remodelling of the sclera in refractive error. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) falling into the collagenase (MMP1, MMP8, MMP13), gelatinase (MMP2, MMP9) and stromelysin (MMP3, MMP10, MMP11) functional groups are particularly important. We wished to assess their association with myopia, refractive error and ocular biometric measu...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPs) and soft contact lenses (SCLs) on myopia progression in children. METHODS We randomly assigned 116 subjects to wear RGPs or SCLs. Subjects underwent cycloplegic autorefraction, keratometry, and A-scan ultrasonographic axial length measurements at each annual visit. All analyses were conducted according to the origin...